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Journal of Microbiology

, Volume 56, Issue 3, pp 172–182 | Cite as

Mind-altering with the gut: Modulation of the gut-brain axis with probiotics

  • Namhee Kim
  • Misun Yun
  • Young Joon Oh
  • Hak-Jong Choi
Review Human Microbiomes and Probiotics
First Online:

Abstract

It is increasingly evident that bidirectional interactions exist among the gastrointestinal tract, the enteric nervous system, and the central nervous system. Recent preclinical and clinical trials have shown that gut microbiota plays an important role in these gut-brain interactions. Furthermore, alterations in gut microbiota composition may be associated with pathogenesis of various neurological disorders, including stress, autism, depression, Parkinson’s disease, and Alzheimer’s disease. Therefore, the concepts of the microbiota-gut-brain axis is emerging. Here, we review the role of gut microbiota in bidirectional interactions between the gut and the brain, including neural, immune-mediated, and metabolic mechanisms. We highlight recent advances in the understanding of probiotic modulation of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders via the gut-brain axis.

Keywords

probiotics gut microbiota nervous system gutbrain axis gut dysbiosis neurological disorders 
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© The Microbiological Society of Korea and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2018

Authors and Affiliations

  • Namhee Kim
    • 1
  • Misun Yun
    • 1
  • Young Joon Oh
    • 1
  • Hak-Jong Choi
    • 1
  1. 1.Microbiology and Functionality Research GroupWorld Institute of KimchiGwangjuRepublic of Korea

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