Abstract
Sphingolipids are abundant and essential molecules in eukaryotes that have crucial functions as signalling molecules and as membrane components. They are important for many processes, including endocytic transport and plasma membrane integrity. Pathological changes in sphingolipid levels are associated with many common pathologies, ranging from obesity and cancer to neurodegenerative diseases and genetic disorders. Here we discuss the molecular mechanisms of cells to maintain sphingolipid homeostasis.
Similar content being viewed by others
Literatur
Thudichum J (1884) A treatise on the chemical constitution of the brain. Bailliere Tindall and Cox, London
Platt FM (2014) Sphingolipid lysosomal storage disorders. Nature 510:68–75
Olson DK, Fröhlich F, Farese RV Jr et al. (2015) Taming the sphinx: mechanisms of cellular sphingolipid homeostasis. Biochim Biophys Acta 1861:784–792
Breslow DK, Collins SR, Bodenmiller B et al. (2010) Orm family proteins mediate sphingolipid homeostasis. Nature 463:1048–1053
Berchtold D, Piccolis M, Chiaruttini N et al. (2012) Plasma membrane stress induces relocalization of Slm proteins and activation of TORC2 to promote sphingolipid synthesis. Nat Cell Biol 14:542–547
Roelants FM, Breslow DK, Muir A et al. (2011) Protein kinase Ypk1 phosphorylates regulatory proteins Orm1 and Orm2 to control sphingolipid homeostasis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 108:19222–19227
Schmidt O, Weyer Y, Baumann V et al. (2019) Endosome and Golgi-associated degradation (EGAD) of membrane proteins regulates sphingolipid metabolism. EMBO J 38:e101433
Olson DK, Fröhlich F, Christiano R et al. (2015) Rom2-dependent phosphorylation of Elo2 controls the abundance of very long-chain fatty acids. J Biol Chem 290
Esch BM, Fröhlich F (2018) Mechanisms of Lipid Sorting in the Endosomal Pathway. In: Iglic A, Garcia-Saez A, Rappolt M (Hrsg) Advances in Biomembranes Lipid Self-Assembly, Academic Press, Cambridge
Fröhlich F, Petit C, Kory N et al. (2015) The GARP complex is required for cellular sphingolipid homeostasis. Elife 4, doi: 10.7554/eLife.08712
Fröhlich F, Olson DK, Christiano R et al. (2016) Proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses of yeast reveal the global cellular response to sphingolipid depletion. Proteomics 16:2759–2763
Eising S, Thiele L, Fröhlich F (2019) A systematic approach to identify recycling endocytic cargo depending on the GARP complex. Elife 8, doi: 10.7554/eLife.42837
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Sergej Limar Jahrgang 1990. Biologiestudium an der Universität Münster. Seit 2017 Doktorand an der Universität Osnabrück im Graduiertenkolleg „EvoCell“.
Florian Fröhlich Jahrgang 1981. Biologiestudium an der Universität Göttingen. 2010 Promotion. 2010–2015 Postdoc an der Yale Medical School, New Haven, USA, und der T. H. Chan Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, USA. Seit 2016 Nachwuchsgruppenleiter der Abteilung Molekulare Membranbiologie des SFB944 an der Universität Osnabrück.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Limar, S., Fröhlich, F. Das Rätsel der Sphinx — Mechanismen der zellulären Sphingolipidhomöostase. Biospektrum 25, 704–706 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12268-019-1301-x
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12268-019-1301-x