Antioxidant activity of the halophyte Limonium tetragonum and its major active components
- 256 Downloads
- 14 Citations
Abstract
In this study, the antioxidant potentials of crude extracts and solvent-partitioned fractions of Limonium tetragonum were assessed by measuring their ability to scavenge intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated in HT-1080 cells. Following activity-oriented separation, four flavonol glycosides were isolated as active principles and their chemical structures were determined by 2 D NMR and by comparison with reported spectral data. The isolated compounds (1–4) were evaluated for their antioxidant capacity using three different activity tests; degree of occurrence of intracellular ROS, lipid peroxidation in HT-1080 cells and the extent of oxidative damage of genomic DNA purified from HT-1080 cells. All compounds exhibited significantly inhibited the generation of intracellular ROS and lipid peroxidation in HT-1080 cells, and significantly inhibited DNA oxidation. In addition, direct free radical scavenging effects of these compounds were investigated using the electron spin resonance (ESR) spin-trap technique.
Keywords
Limonium tetragonum antioxidant activity reactive oxygen species ESRReferences
- 1.Paridaa, A. K. and A. B. Das (2005) Salt tolerance and salinity effects on plants: a review. Ecotox. Environ. Safe. 60: 324–349.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 2.Amor, N. B., K. B. Hameda, A. Debeza, C. Grignonb, and C. Abdellya (2005) Physiological and antioxidant responses of the perennial halophyte Crithmum maritimum to salinity. Plant Sci. 168: 889–899.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 3.Bartosz, G. (1997) Oxidative stress in plants. Acta Physiol. Plant 19: 47–64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 4.Rout, N. P. and B. P. Shaw (2001) Salt tolerance in aquatic macrophytes: Possible involvement of the antioxidative enzymes. Plant Sci. 160: 415–423.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 5.Gossett, D. R., E. P. Millhollon, and M. C. Lucas (1994) Antioxidant responses to NaCl stress in salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive cultivars of cotton. Crop Sci. 34: 706–714.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 6.Fridovich, I. (1986) Biological effects of the superoxide radical. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 247: 1–11.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 7.Imlay, J. A. and S. Linn (1988) DNA damage and oxygen radical toxicity. Science 240: 1302–1309.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 8.Ksouri, R., H. Falleh, W. Megdiche, N. Trabelsi, B. Mhamdi, K. Chaieb, A. Bakrouf, C. Magne, and C. Abdelly (2009) Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the edible medicinal halophyte Tamarix gallica L. and related polyphenolic constituents. Food Chem. Toxicol. 47: 2083–2091.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 9.Ksouri, R., W. Megdiche, H. Falleh, N. Trabelsi, M. Boulaaba, A. Smaoui, and C. Abdelly (2008) Influence of biological, environmental and technical factorson phenolic content and antioxidant activities of Tunisian halophytes. C. R. Biologies 331: 865–873.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 10.Ben Hamed, K., A. Castagna, S. Elkahoui, A. Ranieri, and C. Abdelly (2007) Sea fennel (Crithmum maritimum L.) under salinity conditions: A comparison of leaf and root antioxidant responses. Plant Growth Regul. 53: 185–194.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 11.Jithesh, M. N., S. R. Prashanth, K. R. Sivaprakash, and A. K. Parida (2006) Antioxidative response mechanisms in halophytes: Their role in stress defence. J. Genet. 85: 237–254.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 12.Kong, C. -S., J. -A. Kim, Z. -J. Qian, Y. A. Kim, J. I. Lee, S. -K. Kim, T. J. Nam, and Y. Seo (2009) Protective effect of isorhamnetin and 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside from Salicornia herbacea against oxidation-induced cell damage. Food Chem. Toxicol. 47: 1914–1920.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 13.Hansen, M. B., S. E. Nielsen, and K. Berg (1989) Re-examination and further development of a precise and rapid dye method for measuring cell growth/cell kill. J. Immunol. Methods 119: 203–210.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 14.LaBel, C. P., H. Ischiopoulos, and S. C. Bondy (1992) Evaluation of the probe 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin as an indicator of reactive oxygen species formation and oxidative stress. Chem. Res. Toxicol. 5: 227–231.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 15.Heath, R. L. and L. Packer (1968) Photoperoxidation in isolated chloroplasts. I Kinetics and stoichiometry of fatty acid peroxidation. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 125: 189–198.Google Scholar
- 16.Milne, L., P. Nicotera, S. Orrenius, and M. Burkitt (1993) Effects of glutathione and chelating agents on copper-mediated DNA oxidation: pro-oxidant and antioxidant properties of glutathione. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 304: 102–109.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 17.Nanjo, F., K. Goto, R. Seto, M. Suzuki, M. Sakai, and Y. Hara (1996) Scavenging effects of tea catechins and their derivatives on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical. Free Rad. Biol. Med. 21: 895–902.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 18.Rosen, G. M. and E. J. Rauckman (1984) Spin trapping of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals. Methods Enzymol. 105: 198–209.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 19.Cakatay, U., A. Telci, R. Kayali, F. Tekeli, T. Akcay, and A. Sivas (2003) Relation of aging with oxidative protein damage parameters in the rat skeletal muscle. Clin. Biochem. 36: 51–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 20.Richter, C. (1987) Biophysical consequences of lipid peroxidation in membranes. Chem. Phys. Lipids 44: 175–189.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 21.Mello, L. D., S. Hernandez, G. Marrazza, M. Mascini, and L.T. Kubota (2006) Investigations of the antioxidant properties of plant extracts using a DNA-electrochemical biosensor. Biosens. Bioelectron. 21: 1374–1382.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 22.Dhalla, N. S., R. M. Temsah, and T. Netticadan (2000) Role of oxidative stress in cardiovascular diseases. J. Hypertens. 18: 655–673.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 23.Harper, M. E., L. Bevilacqua, K. Hagopian, R. Weindruch, and J. J. Ramsey (2004) Ageing, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial uncoupling. Acta Physiol. Scand. 182: 321–331.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 24.Henrotin, Y. E., P. Bruckner, and J. P. Pujol (2003) The role of reactive oxygen species in homeostasis and degradation of cartilage. Osteoarthr. Cartil. 11: 747–755.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 25.Ma, W., M. Wlaschek, I. Tantcheva-Poor, L. A. Schneider, L. Naderi, Z. Razi-Wolf, J. Schuller, and K. Scharffetter-Kochanek (2001) Chronological ageing and photoageing of the fibroblasts and the dermal connective tissue. Clin. Exp. Dermatol. 26: 592–599.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 26.Mathy-Hartert, M., G. Martin, P. Devel, G. Deby-Dupont, J. P. Pujol, J. Y. Reginster, and Y. Henrotin (2003) Reactive oxygen species downregulate the expression of proinflammatory genes by human chondrocytes. Inflamm. Res. 52: 111–118.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 27.Foo, L.Y., Y. Lu, A. L. Molan, D. R. Woodfield, and W. C. McNabb (2000) The phenols and prodelphinidins of white clover flowers. Phytochem. 54: 539–548.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 28.Chung, S. K., Y. C. Kim, T. Yoshiaki, T. Kenji, and N. Masatake (2004) Novel flavonol glycoside, 7-O-methyl mearnsitrin, from Sageretia theezans and its antioxidant effect. J. Agric. Food Chem. 52: 4664–4668.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 29.Kong C. S., Y. A. Kim, M. M. Kim, J. S. Park, J. A. Kim, S. K. Kim, B. J. Lee, T. J. Nam, and Y. Seo (2008) Flavonoid glycosides isolated from Salicornia herbacea inhibit matrix metalloproteinase in HT1080 cells. Toxicol. In Vitro 22: 1742–1748.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 30.Lee, D. Y., H. N. Lyu, H. Y. Kwak, L. Jung, Y. H. Lee, D. K. Kim, I. S. Chung, S. H. Kim, and N. I. Baek (2007) Isolation of Flavonoids from the Fruits of Cornus kousa Burg. J. Appl. Biol. Chem. 50: 144–147.Google Scholar
- 31.Conforti, F., G. A. Statti, and R. Tundis (2002) Antioxidant activity of methanolic extract of Hypericum triquetrifolium Turra aerial part. Fitoterapia 73: 479–483.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 32.Cho, E. J., T. Yokozawa, and D. Y. Rhyu (2003) Study on the inhibitory effects of Korean medicinal plants and their main compounds on the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical Phytomed. 10: 544–551.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 33.Yamazaki, E., M. Inagaki, and O. Kurita (2007) Antioxidant activity of Japanese pepper (Zanthoxylum piperitum DC.) fruit. Food Chem. 100: 171–177.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 34.Heo, H. J., Y. J. Kim, and D. Chung (2007) Antioxidant capacities of individual and combined phenolics in a model system. Food Chem. 104: 87–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 35.Yoshimura, M., Y. Akamura, T. Mie, and T. Yoshida (2008) Polyphenolic compounds isolated from the leaves of Myrtus communis. J. Nat. Med. 62: 366–368.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 36.Kong, C. -S., Y. A. Kim, M. -M. Kim, J. S. Park, S. -K. Kim, B. - J. Lee, T. J. Nam, and Y. Seo (2008) Antioxidant activity and inhibition of MMP-9 by isorhamnetin and quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside isolated from Salicornia herbacea in HT1080 cells. Food Sci. Biotechnol. 17: 983–989.Google Scholar
- 37.Hossein, N., K. E. Mohajjel, and Z. Khadijeh (2010) Free radical scavengers from the aerial parts of Euphorbia petiolata. J. Nat. Med. 64: 187–190.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 38.Piao, M. J., K. A. Kang, and R. Zhang (2008) Hyperoside prevents oxidative damage induced by hydrogen peroxide in lung fibroblast cells via an antioxidant effect. BBA.-Gen. Subjects 1780: 1448–1457.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 39.Liu, Z., X. Tao, and C. Zhang (2005) Protective effects of hyperoside (quercetin-3-o-galactoside) to PC12 cells against cytotoxicity induced by hydrogen peroxide and tert-butyl hydroperoxide. Biomed. Pharmacother. 59: 481–490.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 40.Hayder, N., I. Bouhlel, and I. Skandrani (2008) In vitro antioxidant and antigenotoxic potentials of myricetin-3-o-galactoside and myricetin-3-o-rhamnoside from Myrtus communis: Modulation of expression of genes involved in cell defence system using cDNA microarray. Toxicol. in vitro 22: 567–581.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 41.Poot, M., A. Verkerk, J. F. Koster, and J. F. Jongkind (1986) De novo synthesis of glutathione in human fibroblasts during in vitro ageing and in some metabolic diseases as measured by a flow cytometric method. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 883: 580–584.Google Scholar
- 42.Sachindra, N. M., E. Sato, H. Maeda, M. Hosokawa, Y. Niwano, M. Kohno, and K. Miyashita (2007) Radical scavenging and singlet oxygen quenching activity of marine carotenoids fucoxanthin and its metabolites. J. Agric. Food Chem. 55: 8516–8522.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 43.Seo, Y. (2010) Antioxidant activity of the chemical constituents from the flower buds of Magnolia denudate. Biotechnol. Bioprocess Eng. 15: 400–406.CrossRefGoogle Scholar