Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Effects of pine needle extracts on plasma cholesterol, fibrinolysis and gastrointestinal motility

  • Published:
Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Pine needle (Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc.) extract has been used to improve cardiovascular disorders, detoxification of nicotine, the infirmities of age and curing diseases of unidentified symptoms in folk medicine. To determine the facts behind the traditional belief, we tried to investigate the effects of fresh and self-fermented pine needle extracts of different aging. Fibrinolytic activities of the extract indicated that activity depends on time and also with aging of the product. It was also found that the extract can lower the blood plasma cholesterol and triglyceride in cholesterol fed rat. Also, Self-Fermented Pine Needle Extracts 7 years old (SFPE 7) (200 μg/mL) reduce the frequency and amplitude of pacemaker currents in Interstitial Cells of Cajal (ICC) of murine small intestine by modulating ATP-sensitive potassium channels. Therefore, the investigation indicated that self-fermentation improves efficacy of the pine needle extracts reducing risk of cardio-vascular related disorders and would be an important source in nutraceutics.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Ichikawa, S., H. Takigawa, and S. Nara (1998) Effects of sho-ju-sen, an herbal medicine, on unidentified clinical syndrome. J. Clin. Pharmacol. New Drugs 47: 879–887.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Chung, Y. J., M. W. Bae, M. I. Choung, J. S. Lee, and K. S. Chung (2002) Cytotoxic effect of the distilled pine-needle extracts on several cancer cell lines in vitro. J. Kor. Soc. FoodSci. Nutr. 31: 691–695.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Yen, G. C., P. D. Duh, D. W. Huang, C. L. Hsu, and T. Y. Fu (1984) Protective effect of pine (Pinus morrisonicola Hay.) needle on LDL oxidation and its anti-inflammatory action by modulation of iNOS and COX-2 expression in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Proceedings of Food and Chemical Toxicology. Taiwan.

  4. Kim, Y. S. and D. H. Shin (2005) Volatile components and antibacterial effects of pine needle (Pinus densiflora S. and Z.) extracts. FoodMicrobiol. 22: 37–45.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Jung, K. H. (2007) Growth inhibition effect of pyroligneous acid on pathogenic fungus, Alternaria mali, the agent of alternaria blotch of apple. Biotechnol. Bioprocess Eng. 12:318–322.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Choi, D. B, S. S. Park, J. L. Ding, and W. S. Cha (2007) Effects of Fomitopsis pinicola extracts on antioxidant and antitumor activities. Biotechnol. Bioprocess Eng. 12: 516–524.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Kim, M. J., Y. J. Kim, H. J. Park, J. H. Chung, K. H. Leem, and H. K. Kim (2006) Apoptotic effect of red wine polyphenols on human colon cancer SNU-C4 cells. Food Chem. Toxicol. 44: 898–902.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Lee, J. G., C. G. Lee, J. J. Kwag, A. J. Buglass, and G. H. Lee (2005) Determination of optimum conditions for the analysis of volatile components in pine needles by double-shot pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. A 1089: 227–234.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Jerez, M., A. Selga, J. Sineiro, J. L. Torres, and M. J. Nunez (2007) A comparison between bark extracts from Pinus pinaster and Pinus radiata: Antioxidant activity and procyanidin composition. Food Chem. 100: 439–444.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Benerjee, A., Y. Chisti, and U. C. Banerjee (2004) Streptokinase-a clinically useful thrombolytic agent. Biotechnol. Adv. 22: 287–307.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Jennings, K. (1996) Antibodies to streptokinase. BMJ. 321: 393–394.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Keys, A. (1970) Coronary heart disease in seven countries. Circulation 41: S1–S8.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Ryu, H. M., W. K. Kang, H. A. Kang, and J. Y. Kim (2003) Secretion of active urokinase-type plasminogen activator from the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica. Biotechnol. Bioprocess Eng. 8: 162–165.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Kim, I. S., Y. W. Choi, S. R. Lee, Y. Kang, K. M. Lee, D. H. Park, H. S. Woo, and S. Lee (2002) Removal and inactivation of hepatitis A virus during manufacture of urokinase from human urine. Biotechnol. Bioprocess Eng. 7: 340–346.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Son, Y. J., K. H. Park, S. Y. Lee, S. J. Oh, C. K. Kim, B. T. Choi, Y. C. Park, and J. H. Seo (2007) Effects of temperature shift strategies on human preproinsulin production in the fed-batch fermentation of recombinant Escherichia coli. Biotechnol. Bioprocess Eng. 12: 556–561.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Kannel, W. B., W. P. Castelli, T. Gordon and P. M. McNamara (1971) Serum cholesterol, lipoproteins, and the risk of coronary heart disease. The Framingham study. Ann. Intern. Med. 74: 1–12.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Klerk, M., M. C. J. F. Jansen, P. van’t Veer, and F. J. Kok (1998) Fruits and vegetables in chronic disease prevention. Wageningen Argicultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Glade, M. J. (1999) Food, nutrition, and the prevention of cancer: a global perspective. American Institute for Cancer Research/World Cancer Research Fund, American Institute for Cancer Research, 1997. Nutrition 15: 523–526.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Sanders, K. M. (1996) A case for interstitial cells of Cajal as pacemakers and mediators of neurotransmission in the gastrointestinal tract. Gastroenterology 111: 492–515.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Koh, S. D., K. M. Sanders, and S. M. Ward (1998) Spontaneous electrical rhythmicity in cultured interstitial cells of Cajal from the murine small intestine. J. Physiol. 513: 203–213.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Thuneberg, L. (1982) Interstitial cells of Cajal: intestinal pacemaker cells? Adv. Anat. Embryol. Cell Biol. 71: 1–130.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Thomsen, L., T. L. Robinson, J. C. Lee, L. A. Farraway, M. J. Hughes, D. W. Andrews, and J. D. Huizinga (1998) Interstitial cells of Cajal generate a rhythmic pacemaker current. Nat. Med. 4: 848–851.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Tokutomi, N., H. Maeda, Y. Tokutomi, D. Sato, M. Sugita, S. Nishikawa, S. Nishikawa, J. Nakao, T. Imamura, and K. Nishi (1995) Rhythmic Cl− current and physiological roles of the intestinal c-kit-positive cells. Pflu-gers Arch. 431: 169–177.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Ward, S. M., A. J. Burns, S. Torihashi, and K. M. Sanders (1994) Mutation of the proto-oncogene c-kit blocks development of interstitial cells and electrical rhythmicity in murine intestine. J. Physiol. 480: 91–97.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Hong, W. S. (1999) The ingredients and use of medicinal herb. pp. 142–144. Ilwonseogak Co., Seoul, Korea.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Yoon, S. U. (1997) Pine trees and natural remedy. pp. 40–43. Academy Press Inc., Seoul, Korea.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Choi, M. Y., E. J. Choi, E. Lee, T. J. Rhim, B. C. Cha, and H. J. Park (1997) Antimicrobial activites of pine needle (Pinus densiflora Seib et Zucc.) extract. Kor. J. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 25: 293–297.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Kim, E. J., S. W. Jung, K. P. Choi, S. S. Ham, and H. Y. Kang (1998) Inhibitory effect of pine needle extracts on the chemically induced mutagenicity. Kor. J. Food Sci. Technol. 30: 450–455.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Kim, E. J., S. W. Jung, K. P. Choi, S. S. Ham, and H. Y. Kang (1998) Cytotoxic effect of the pine needle extract. Kor. J. FoodSci. Technol. 30: 213–217.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Kong, Z., Z. Liu, and B. Ding (1995) Study on the antimutagenic effect of pine needle extract. Mutat. Res. 347: 101–104.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Moon, J. J., Y. B. Han, and J. S. Kim (1993) Studies on antitumor effects of pine needles, Pinus densiflora Sieb. etZucc. Kor. Vet. Res. 33: 701–710.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Cesarone, M. R., G. Belcaro, P. Rohdewald, L. Pellegrini, A. Ledda, G. Vinciguerra, A. Ricci, G. Gizzi, E. Ippolito, F. Fano, M. Dugall, G. Acerbi, M. Cacchio, A. Di Renzo, M. Hosoi, S. Stuard, and M. Corsi (2006) Comparison of Pycnogenol® and Daflon® in treating chronic venous insufficiency: a prospective, controlled study. Clin. Appl. Thromb. Hemost. 12: 205–212.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Araghi-Niknam, M., S. Hosseini, D. Larson, P. Rohdewald, and R. R. Watson (2000) Pine bark extract reduces platelet aggregation. Integr. Med. 2: 73–77.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Cheong, H., D. P. Paudyal, J. Y. Jun, C. H. Yeum, P. J. Yoon, C. G. Park, M. Y. Kim, I. So, K. W. Kim, and S. Choi (2005) Effects of pine needle extract on pacemaker currents in interstitial cells of Cajal from the murine small intestine. Mol. Cells 20: 235–240.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology and BK21 Research Team for Protein Activity Control, Chosun University, Gwangju, 501-759, Korea

    Gayoung Park, DilIi P. Paudyal, Youngmin Park, Changsu Lee, Indeok Hwang, Giri R. Tripathi & Hyeonsook Cheong

Authors
  1. Gayoung Park
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. DilIi P. Paudyal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Youngmin Park
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Changsu Lee
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Indeok Hwang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Giri R. Tripathi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Hyeonsook Cheong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hyeonsook Cheong.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Park, G., Paudyal, D.P., Park, Y. et al. Effects of pine needle extracts on plasma cholesterol, fibrinolysis and gastrointestinal motility. Biotechnol Bioproc E 13, 262–268 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12257-008-0039-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12257-008-0039-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation