International Review of Economics

, Volume 54, Issue 2, pp 261–283 | Cite as

Deregulation, consolidation and banks efficiency in Singapore: Evidence from event study window approach and Tobit analysis

Article

Abstract

A three-year window analysis together with the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach is employed to investigate the effects of mergers and acquisitions on the Singapore banking groups’ efficiency. The results suggest that the merger has resulted in a higher Singapore banking groups’ mean overall efficiency. We do not find evidence of more efficient acquirers compared to the targets and that the acquiring banks’ mean overall efficiency tends to improve from the merger with a more efficient bank. The Tobit regression results suggest that bank profitability has positive impact on bank efficiency, whereas poor loan quality has negative influence on bank performance. (JEL: G21, D24)

Keywords

bank mergers Data Envelopment Analysis Singapore Tobit model 

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Avkiran N.K., (1999) “The Evidence on Efficiency Gains: The Role of Mergers and the Benefits to the Public”. Journal of Banking and Finance 23:991–1013CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  2. Avkiran N.K., Productivity Analysis in the Service Sector with Data Envelopment Analysis, 2nd edn., Camira, Qld.: N.K. Avkiran, 2002, 242 pp.Google Scholar
  3. Banker R.D., Charnes A., Cooper W.W., (1984) “Some Models for Estimating Technical and Scale Inefficiencies in Data Envelopment Analysis”. Management Science 30:1078–92CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  4. Bauer P.W., Berger A.N., Ferrier G.D., Humphrey D.B., (1998) “Consistency Conditions for Regulatory Analysis of Financial Institutions: A Comparison of Frontier Efficiency Methods”. Journal of Economics and Business 50:85–114CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  5. Berger A.N., Demsetz R., Strahan P., (1999) “The Consolidation of the Financial Services Industry: Causes, Consequences and Implications for the Future”. Journal of Banking and Finance 23:135–94CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  6. Berger A.N., Deyoung R., (1997) “Problem Loans and Cost Efficiency in Commercial Banks”. Journal of Banking and Finance 21:849–70CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  7. Berger A.N., Humphrey D.B., (1997) “Efficiency of Financial Institutions: International Survey and Directions for Future Research”. European Journal of Operational Research 98:175–212CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  8. Berger A.N., Hunter W.C., Timme S.G., (1993) “The Efficiency of Financial Institutions: A Review and Preview of Research Past, Present and Future”. Journal of Banking and Finance 17:221–49CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  9. Berger A.N., Mester L.J., (2003) “Explaining the Dramatic Changes in Performance of U.S. Banks: Technological Change, Deregulation and Dynamic Changes in Competition”. Journal of Financial Intermediation 12:57–95CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  10. Bhattacharyya A., Lovell C.A.K., Sahay P., (1997) “The Impact of Liberalization on the Productive Efficiency of Indian Commercial Banks”. European Journal of Operational Research 98:332–45CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  11. Canhoto A., Dermine J., (2003) “A Note on Banking Efficiency in Portugal: New Vs. Old Banks". Journal of Banking and Finance 27:2087–98CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  12. Charnes A., Cooper W.W., Huang Z.M., Sun D.B., (1990) “Polyhedral Cone – Ratio DEA Models with an Illustrative Application to Large Commercial Banks”. Journal of Econometrics 46:73–91CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  13. Charnes A., Cooper W.W., Rhodes E., (1978) “Measuring the Efficiency of Decision Making Units”. European Journal of Operational Research 2:429–44CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  14. Chu S.F., Lim G.H., (1998) “Share Performance and Profit Efficiency of Banks in an Oligopolistic Market: Evidence from Singapore”. Journal of Multinational Financial Management 8:155–68CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  15. Claessens S., Demirgüç-Kunt A., Huizinga A., (2001) “How Does Foreign Presence Affect Domestic Banking Markets?”. Journal of Banking and Finance 25:891– 911CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  16. Coelli T., Prasada–Rao D.S., Battese G.E., (1998) An Introduction to Efficiency and Productivity Analysis. Boston, Kluwer Academic PublishersGoogle Scholar
  17. Cooper W.W., Seiford L.M., Tone K., (2000) Data Envelopment Analysis. Boston, Kluwer Academic PublishersGoogle Scholar
  18. Evanoff D.D., Israelvich P.R., “Productive Efficiency in Banking”, Economic Perspectives, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, 1991, pp. 11–32.Google Scholar
  19. Ferrier G., Lovell C.A.K., (1990) “Measuring Cost Efficiency in Banking: Econometric and Linear Programming Evidence”. Journal of Econometrics 46:229–45CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  20. Fried H.O., Lovell C.A.K., Eeckaut P.V., (1993) “Evaluating the Performance of U.S. Credit Unions”. Journal of Banking and Finance 17:251–65CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  21. Fukuyama H., (1993) “Technical and Scale Efficiency of Japanese Commercial Banks: A Non-Parametric Approach”. Applied Economics 25:1101–1112CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  22. Grifell–Tatje E., Lovell C.A.K, (1997) “The Sources of Productivity Change in Spanish Banking”. European Journal of Operational Research 98:364–80CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  23. Humphrey D.B., (1985) “Cost and Scale Economies in Bank Intermediation”, in: Aspinwall R., Eisenbeis R., eds., Handbook for Banking Strategy. New York, John Wiley and SonsGoogle Scholar
  24. Jackson F.M. and Fethi M.D., “Evaluating the Technical Efficiency of Turkish Commercial Banks: An Application of DEA and Tobit Analysis”, Departmental Working Paper, Leicester: University of Leicester, 2000.Google Scholar
  25. Prager R.A., Hannan T.H., (1998) “Do Substantial Horizontal Mergers Generate Significant Price Effects? Evidence from the Banking Industry”. Journal of Industrial Economics 46:433–54CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  26. Randhawa D.S, Lim G.H., (2005) “Competition, Liberalization and Efficiency: Evidence from a Two-Stage Banking Model on Banks in Hong Kong and Singapore”. Managerial Finance 31:52–77Google Scholar
  27. Rezvanian R., Mehdian S., (2002) “An Examination of Cost Structure and Production Performance of Commercial Banks in Singapore”. Journal of Banking and Finance 26:79–98CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  28. Rhoades S.A., (1998) “The Efficiency Effects of Bank Mergers: An Overview of Case Studies of Nine Mergers”. Journal of Banking and Finance 22:273–91CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  29. Sathye M., (2001) “X-Efficiency in Australian Banking: An Empirical Investigation”. Journal of Banking and Finance 25:613–30CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  30. Sealey C., Lindley J.T., (1977) “Inputs, Outputs and a Theory of Production and Cost at Depository Financial Institutions”. Journal of Finance 32:1251–66CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  31. Sherman H.D., Gold F., (1985) “Bank Branch Operating Efficiency: Evaluation with Data Envelopment Analysis”. Journal of Banking and Finance 9:297–315CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  32. Shih M.S.H., (2003) “An Investigation Into the Use of Mergers as a Solution for the Asian Banking Sector Crisis”. The Quarterly Journal of Economics and Finance 43:31–49CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  33. Walker G., (1998) “Economies of Scale in Australian Banks 1978–1990”. Australian Economic Papers 37:71–87CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag 2007

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Planning and Research Department (BCB), Bumiputra-Commerce Bank Berhad and Department of Banking and FinanceUniversity of MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia
  2. 2.Central Bank of Malaysia and Monetary and Financial Policy DepartmentBank Negara MalaysiaKuala LumpurMalaysia

Personalised recommendations