Advertisement

Using Risk-based Robustness Index for Seismic Improvement of Structures

  • Hadi FaghihmalekiEmail author
  • Gholamreza Abdollahzadeh
Structural Engineering
First Online:
  • 4 Downloads

Abstract

Nowadays, there are numerous indexes and parameters to review the seismic performance of improved structures. Response modification factor, fragility curves, ratio of different input energies to the structure affected by earthquake, maximum displacement and etcetera. are among these parameters, and most of these parameters are reviewed non-probabilistically. On one hand, since robustness index according to risk shapes probabilistically by reviewing uncertainty parameters of critical events and considering all existing parameters, it can be a beneficial index for reviewing the performance of improved structures. In this article, at first the robustness index is introduced according to risk analysis and one of its unique features is using percentage and amount of progressive collapse in it. After the considered robustness index, it has been used in reviewing the performance of a 4-story building of steel bending frame improved in two separate modes of concentrically brace frame and buckling restrained brace and a method has been suggested to obtain all effective parameters in intended robustness index. Ultimately, by reviewing this index for primary structure and improved structures, their behaviors have been compared and its results have been reported.

Keywords

risk-based robustness index structure seismic improvement progressive collapse concentrically brace frame buckling restrained brace 
This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access.

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Abdollahzadeh, G. and Faghihmaleki, H. (2014). “Response modification factor of SMRF improved with EBF and BRBs.” Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems, Vol. 6, No. 4, pp. 42–55.Google Scholar
  2. Abdollahzadeh, G. and Faghihmaleki, H. (2016). “Effect of seismic improvement techniques on a structure in seismic-explosive probabilistic two-hazard risk.” International Journal of Structural Engineering, Vol. 7, Nos. 3. pp. 314–331, DOI: 10.1504/IJSTRUCTE.2016.077726.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  3. Abdollahzadeh, G. R. and Faghihmaleki, H. (2017a). “A method to evaluate the risk-based robustness index in blast-influenced structures.” International Journal of Earthquakes and Structures, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 47–54, DOI: 10.1177/1056789516651919.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  4. Abdollahzadeh, G. R. and Faghihmaleki, H. (2018). “Proposal of a probabilistic assessment of structural collapse concomitantly subject to earthquake and gas explosion.” Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering, Vol. 12, No. 3, pp. 425–437, DOI: 10.1007/s11709-017-0427-5.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  5. Abdollahzadeh, G. R. and Faghihmaleki, H. (2017b). “Seismic-explosion risk-based robustness index of structures.” International Journal of Damage Mechanics, Vol. 26, No. 4, pp. 523–540, DOI: 10.1177/1056789516651919.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  6. Abdollahzadeh, G. R., Faghihmaleki, H., and Esmaili, H. (2016). “Comparing Hysteretic Energy and inter-story drift in steel frames with V-shaped brace under near and far fault earthquakes.” Alexandria Engineering Journal, DOI: 10.1016/j.aej.2016.09.015Google Scholar
  7. Baker, J. W., Schubert, M., and Faber, M. H. (2008). “On the assessment of robustness.” Journal of Structural Safety, Vol. 30, No. 3, pp. 253–267, DOI: 10.1016/j.strusafe.2006.11.004.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  8. BHRC (1990). Iranian code of practice for seismic resistant design of buildings (Standard No. 2008), 1st Edition, Building & Housing Research Center, Tehran, Iran.Google Scholar
  9. Botez, M., Bredean, L., and Ioani, A. M. (2016). “Improving the accuracy of progressive collapse risk assessment: Efficiency and contribution of supplementary progressive collapse resisting mechanisms.” Journal of Computers and Structures, Vol. 174, pp. 54–65, DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2015.11.002.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  10. Brett, C. and Lu, Y. (2013). “Assessment of robustness of structures: Current state of research.” Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering, Vol. 7, No. 4, pp. 356–368, DOI: 10.1007/s11709-013-0220-z.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  11. Brunesi, E., Nascimbene, E., Parisi, F., and Augenti, N. (2015). “Progressive collapse fragility of reinforced concrete framed structures through incremental dynamic analysis.” Journal of Engineering Structures, Vol. 104, pp. 65–79, DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.09.024.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  12. EN 1990 (2002). Eurocode – Basis of structural design, European Committee for Standardization (CEN), Brussels, Belgium.Google Scholar
  13. EN 1998 (2004). Eurocode 8 – Design of structures for earthquake resistance, European Committee for Standardization (CEN), Brussels, BelgiumGoogle Scholar
  14. Faghihmaleki, H., Nejati, F., Roshan, A. M., and Motlagh, Y. B. (2017). “An evaluation of multi-hazard risk subjected to blast and earthquake loads in rc moment frame with shear wall.” Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, Vol. 12, No. 3, pp. 636–647.Google Scholar
  15. Fascetti, A., Kunnath, S. K., and Nisticò, N. (2015). “Robustness evaluation of RC frame buildings to progressive collapse.” Journal of Engineering Structures, Vol. 86, pp. 242–249, DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.01.008.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  16. FEMA (2000). Prestandard and commentary for the seismic rehabilitation of buildings, Federal Emergency Management Agency 356, Washington, DC, USA.Google Scholar
  17. GSA (2013). General services administration alternate path analysis and design guidelines for progressive collapse resistance, General Services Administration (GSA), USA.Google Scholar
  18. Hueste, M. B. D. and Bai, J. W. (2007). “Seismic retrofit of a reinforced concrete flat-slab structure: part I-seismic performance evaluation.” Journal of Engineering Structures, Vol. 29, No. 6, pp. 1165–1177, DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.07.023.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  19. Jamnani, H. H., Abdollahzadeh, G., and Faghihmaleki, H. (2017). “Seismic Fragility Analysis of Improved RC Frames Using Different Types of Bracing.” Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, Vol. 12, No. 4, pp. 913–934.Google Scholar
  20. JCSS (2008). “Risk assessment in engineering principles, System representation & risk criteria.” Joint Committee on Structural Safety, www.jcss.byg.dtu.dk/publications/risk_assessment_in_engineeringGoogle Scholar
  21. Kanno, Y. and Takewaki, I. (2006). “Sequential semidefinite program for maximum robustness design of structures under load uncertainty.” Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, Vol. 130, No. 2, pp. 265–287, DOI: 10.1007/s10957-006-9102-z.MathSciNetCrossRefzbMATHGoogle Scholar
  22. Khaloo, A., Nozhati, S., Masoomi, M., and Faghihmaleki, H. (2016). “Influence of earthquake record truncation on fragility curves of RC frames with different damage indices.” Journal of Building Engineering, Vol. 7, pp. 23–30, DOI: 10.1016/j.jobe.2016.05.003.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  23. Li, J., Gong, J., and Wang, L. (2009). “Seismic behavior of corrosiondamaged reinforced concrete columns strengthened using combined carbon fiber-reinforced polymer and steel jacket.” Journal of Construction Building Material, Vol. 23, No. 7, pp. 2653–2663.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  24. Lu, D. G., Cui, S. S., Song, P. Y., and Chen, Z. H. (2010). “Robustness Assessment for progressive collapse of framed structures using pushdown analysis method.” 4th International Workshop on Reliable Engineering Computing (REC 2010), National University of Singapore, DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2009.01.003.Google Scholar
  25. NGA (2005). “Project strong motion database.” Next Generation Attenuation, https://peer.berkeley.edu/nga-west.Google Scholar
  26. Promis, G., Ferrier, E., and Hamelin, P. (2009). “Effect of external FRP retrofitting on reinforced concrete short columns for seismic strengthening.” Journal of Composite Structures, Vol. 88, No. 3, pp. 367–379, DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2008.04.019.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  27. SAP 2000 (2015). “Structural Analysis Program (SAP).” Computers and Structures, Inc, Version 18.01, USA.Google Scholar
  28. Sørensen, J. D. (2011). “Framework for robustness assessment of timber structures.” Journal of Engineering Structures, Vol. 33, No. 11, pp. 3078–3092, DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2011.02.025.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  29. Ventura, A., Chiaia, B., and De Biagi, V. (2017). “Robustness assessment of RC framed structures against progressive collapse.” IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, Vol. 245, No. 3, pp. 32–33, DOI: 10.1088/1757-899X/245/3/032033,DOI: 10.1007/s12204-014-1497-3.Google Scholar
  30. Yang, G. and Xi-la, L. (2014). “Topology-based quantitative assessment of structural robustness.” Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Vol. 19, No. 3, pp. 257–264.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Copyright information

© Korean Society of Civil Engineers and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Dept. of Civil EngineeringAyandegan Institute of Higher EducationTonekabonIran
  2. 2.Dept. of Civil EngineeringBabol Noshirvani University of TechnologyBabolIran

Personalised recommendations

Cite article

Buy options