Cell Stress and Chaperones

, Volume 21, Issue 6, pp 1101–1109 | Cite as

Effect of heated naringenin on immunomodulatory properties and cellular antioxidant activity

  • Mouna Maatouk
  • Dorra Elgueder
  • Nadia Mustapha
  • Hind Chaaban
  • Imen Mokdad Bzéouich
  • Irina Loannou
  • Soumaya Kilani
  • Mohamed Ghoul
  • Kamel Ghedira
  • Leila Chekir-Ghedira
Original Paper
First Online:
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:

Abstract

Naringenin is one of the most popular flavonoids derived from citrus. It has been reported to be an effective anti-inflammatory compound. Citrus fruit may be used raw, cooked, stewed, or boiled. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of thermal processes on naringenin in its immunomodulatory and cellular antioxidant activities. The effects of flavonoids on B and T cell proliferation were assessed on splenocytes stimulated or not with mitogens. However, their effects on cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and natural killer (NK) activities were assessed in splenocytes co-incubated with target cells. The amount of nitric oxide production and the lysosomal enzyme activity were evaluated in vitro on mouse peritoneal macrophages. Cellular antioxidant activity in splenocytes and macrophages was determined by measuring the fluorescence of the dichlorofluorescin (DCF). Our findings revealed that naringenin induces B cell proliferation and enhances NK activity. The highest concentration of native naringenin exhibits a significant proliferation of T cells, induces CTL activity, and inhibits cellular oxidation in macrophages. Conversely, it was observed that when heat-processed, naringenin improves the cellular antioxidant activity in splenocytes, increases the cytotoxic activity of NK cells, and suppresses the cytotoxicity of T cells. However, heat treatment maintains the anti-inflammatory potency of naringenin.

Keywords

Naringenin Heated naringenin Immunomodulation Cellular antioxidant Anti-inflammatory potency 
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Notes

Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the “Ministère Tunisien de l’Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche Scientifique” for its support.

Compliance with ethical standards

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Copyright information

© Cell Stress Society International 2016

Authors and Affiliations

  • Mouna Maatouk
    • 1
    • 2
  • Dorra Elgueder
    • 1
    • 2
  • Nadia Mustapha
    • 1
    • 2
  • Hind Chaaban
    • 3
  • Imen Mokdad Bzéouich
    • 1
    • 2
  • Irina Loannou
    • 3
  • Soumaya Kilani
    • 1
    • 2
  • Mohamed Ghoul
    • 3
  • Kamel Ghedira
    • 1
    • 2
  • Leila Chekir-Ghedira
    • 1
    • 2
  1. 1.Unité des Substances Naturells Bioactives et Biotechnologie, Faculté de Pharmacie de MonastirUniversité de MonastirMonastirTunisia
  2. 2.Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire de MonastirUniversité de MonastirMonastirTunisia
  3. 3.Laboratoire d’ingénierie des Biomolécules, ENSAIA-INPLUniversité de LorraineVandoeuvre-lès-NancyFrance

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