Food Analytical Methods

, Volume 11, Issue 4, pp 1113–1121 | Cite as

Determination of Trichothecenes in Cereal Matrices Using Subcritical Water Extraction Followed by Solid-Phase Extraction and Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

  • Eugènia Miró-Abella
  • Pol Herrero
  • Núria Canela
  • Lluís Arola
  • Rosa Ras
  • Núria Fontanals
  • Francesc Borrull
Article
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Abstract

Subcritical water extraction followed by solid-phase extraction and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry detection is reported for the first time for the determination of 6 trichothecenes (deoxynivalenol, deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside, 3-acetyl-deoxynivalenol, 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol, HT-2 toxin, and T-2 toxin) from different cereals. Water with 1% formic acid was used as the extraction solvent followed by a solid-phase extraction clean-up, achieving good performance with acceptable extraction recoveries, method detection limits between 0.05 μg kg−1 and 4.0 μg kg−1, and method quantification limits between 0.4 μg kg−1 and 20 μg kg−1. The use of water as the extraction solvent allowed a selective extraction affording low matrix effect levels and the detection and quantification of natural target trichothecenes at very low concentration levels. This extraction method was applied to different cereals, a pseudocereal and an oilseed sample, of which maize, millet, and oat were contaminated by at least one trichothecene.

Keywords

Trichothecenes Cereals Subcritical water extraction Solid-phase extraction UHPLC-(ESI)MS/MS 
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Notes

Compliance with Ethical Standards

Conflict of Interest

Eugènia Miró-Abella declares that she has no conflict of interest. Pol Herrero declares that he has no conflict of interest. Núria Canela declares that she has no conflict of interest. Lluís Arola declares that he has no conflict of interest. Rosa Ras declares that she has no conflict of interest. Núria Fontanals declares that she has no conflict of interest. Francesc Borrull declares that he has no conflict of interest.

Research Involving Human Participants and/or Animals

ᅟ

Ethical Approval

This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

Informed Consent

Not applicable.

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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2017

Authors and Affiliations

  • Eugènia Miró-Abella
    • 1
    • 2
  • Pol Herrero
    • 2
  • Núria Canela
    • 2
  • Lluís Arola
    • 3
  • Rosa Ras
    • 2
  • Núria Fontanals
    • 1
  • Francesc Borrull
    • 1
  1. 1.Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic ChemistryUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliTarragonaSpain
  2. 2.Group of Research on Omic Methodologies (GROM), Centre for Omic Sciences (COS)Universitat Rovira i VirgiliReusSpain
  3. 3.Unitat de biotecnologia–EURECATReusSpain

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