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Long-term virological and serologic responses of chronic hepatitis B virus infection to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate-containing regimens in patients with HIV and hepatitis B coinfection

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Abstract

Background

Data regarding the durability of HBV viral suppression with combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) containing tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) combined with lamivudine (3TC) or emtricitabine (FTC) in HIV/HBV-coinfected patients are scarce in hyperendemic areas of chronic HBV infection.

Methods

Between 2004 and 2016, HIV/HBV-coinfected Taiwanese with available baseline HBV DNA load were retrospectively reviewed. Determinations of plasma HBV DNA load, HBV serologic markers (HBsAg, anti-HBs, HBeAg, and anti-HBe), and liver function were performed after initiation of cART. Factors associated with time to undetectable HBV DNA load were explored.

Results

A total of 366 patients were included according to cART history: Group 1, 3TC as the only anti-HBV therapy (n = 73); Group 2, TDF-containing cART as initial therapy (n = 127); and Group 3, switch of 3TC-based to TDF-containing cART (n = 166). At year 5, HBV suppression was achieved in 77.8%, 95.7%, and 95.7% of Groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, TDF ( ± 3TC or FTC) but not 3TC alone as initial anti-HBV therapy was significantly associated with HBV suppression (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 2.635; 95% CI 1.720–4.037), while HBeAg positivity at baseline was associated with failure to achieve HBV suppression (aHR 0.293; 95% CI 0.178–0.482). Loss of HBsAg occurred in 15 patients (4.1%), with 7 (1.9%) seroconversion to anti-HBs positivity, while HBeAg seroconversion occurred in 11 (16.9%) of 65 HBeAg-positive patients.

Conclusions

TDF-containing cART achieved durable HBV viral suppression in HIV/HBV-coinfected patients and HBeAg positivity at baseline was associated with failure to achieve HBV suppression despite long-term TDF-containing cART.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No.7 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, 100, Taiwan

    Yu-Shan Huang, Hsin-Yun Sun, Yu-Chung Chuang, Aristine Cheng, Yi-Ching Su, Wen-Chun Liu & Chien-Ching Hung

  2. Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan

    Sui-Yuan Chang

  3. Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan

    Sui-Yuan Chang

  4. Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan

    Sung-Hsi Huang & Yi-Chia Huang

  5. Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan

    Sung-Hsi Huang & Chien-Ching Hung

  6. Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin Branch, Yun-Lin County, Taiwan

    Guan-Jhou Chen

  7. Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Jin-Shan Branch, New Taipei City, Taiwan

    Kuan-Yin Lin

  8. Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan

    Chien-Ching Hung

  9. China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan

    Chien-Ching Hung

Authors
  1. Yu-Shan Huang
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Chien-Ching Hung.

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Conflict of interest

C.-C. H. has received research support from Gilead Sciences, Merck, and ViiV and speaker honoraria from Gilead Sciences and ViiV, and served on the advisory boards for Gilead Sciences and ViiV. Yu-Shan Huang, Hsin-Yun Sun, Sui-Yuan Chang, Yu-Chung Chuang, Aristine Cheng, Sung-Hsi Huang, Yi-Chia Huang, Guan-Jhou Chen, Kuan-Yin Lin, Yi-Ching Su, Wen-Chun Liu have no conflicts of interest.

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The study was approved by the NTUH Research Ethics Committee (registration number, NTUH-201201028RIB).

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Huang, YS., Sun, HY., Chang, SY. et al. Long-term virological and serologic responses of chronic hepatitis B virus infection to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate-containing regimens in patients with HIV and hepatitis B coinfection. Hepatol Int 13, 431–439 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12072-019-09953-4

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