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NanoBiotechnology

, Volume 3, Issue 3–4, pp 172–196 | Cite as

Tip-Enhanced Raman Imaging and Nanospectroscopy: Sensitivity, Symmetry, and Selection Rules

  • Catalin C. Neacsu
  • Samuel Berweger
  • Markus B. Raschke
Article
First Online:

Abstract

The fundamental mechanisms of tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) have been investigated, including the role of the plasmonic excitation of the metallic tips, the nature of the optical tip–sample coupling, and the resulting local-field enhancement and confinement responsible for ultrahigh resolution imaging down to just several nanometers. Criteria for the distinction of near-field signature from far-field imaging artifacts are addressed. TERS results of molecules are presented. With enhancement factors as high as 109, single-molecule spectroscopy is demonstrated. Spatially resolved vibrational mapping of crystalline nanostructures and determination of crystallographic orientation and domains is discussed making use of the symmetry properties of the tip scattering response and the intrinsic Raman selection rules.

Keywords

tip-enhanced Raman imaging nanospectroscopy tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy 
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Notes

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Nicolas Behr, Jens Dreyer, Thomas Elsaesser, Christoph Lienau, and Claus Ropers for valuable discussions and support. Funding by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft through SFB 658 (“Elementary Processes in Molecular Switches at Surface”) the National Science Foundation (NSF CAREER grant CHE 0748226 and IGERT Fellowship) is greatly acknowledged.

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© Humana Press Inc. 2009

Authors and Affiliations

  • Catalin C. Neacsu
    • 1
  • Samuel Berweger
    • 1
  • Markus B. Raschke
    • 1
  1. 1.Department of ChemistryUniversity of WashingtonSeattleUSA

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