Immunologic Research

, Volume 57, Issue 1–3, pp 335–353 | Cite as

B-lymphocyte tolerance and effector function in immunity and autoimmunity

  • Wasif N. Khan
  • Jacqueline A. Wright
  • Eden Kleiman
  • Justin C. Boucher
  • Iris Castro
  • Emily S. Clark
Immunology & Microbiology in Miami
First Online:

Abstract

B-lymphocytes are integral to host defense against microbial pathogens and are associated with many autoimmune diseases. The B-cell receptor implements B-cell self-tolerance based on the antigen specificity, and B-cell-activating factor receptor (BAFF-R) imposes homeostatic control. While shaping the repertoire, the immune tolerance process also culls mature B cells into distinct populations. The activation response of B cells is tailored to the type of pathogen attack and is facilitated by T-cell help via CD40/CD40L interaction and/or innate cell help via toll-like receptors in conjunction with BAFF receptors and ligands. Activated effector B cells not only produce antibodies, but also produce a variety of cytokines to enhance and suppress the immune response. Not surprisingly, B cells play multiple roles in both humoral and cellular immune responses during infection and autoimmune pathogenesis. Here, we discuss how gene expression and signaling networks regulate peripheral B-cell tolerance, B-cell effector functions and emerging therapies targeting B-cell signaling in autoimmune diseases.

Keywords

Transitional B cells Marginal zone B cells Tolerance Autoimmunity B-cell antigen receptor B-cell-activating factor receptor Toll-like receptor Apoptosis Bruton’s tyrosine kinase BH3-only protein Bim Signaling cross talk 
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Notes

Acknowledgments

W.N.K and E.K. were supported in part by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R21AI088511), University of Miami Department of Microbiology and Immunology start-up funds and Scientific Awards Committee Pilot Study funds. E.S.C. was supported in part by National Institute of Mental Health Grant 2R32 MH018917-21 for Biopsychosocial Research Training in Immunology and AIDS (to Neil Schneiderman, Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Miami, FL). J.A.W received the Medical Faculty Association travel award.

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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2013

Authors and Affiliations

  • Wasif N. Khan
    • 1
  • Jacqueline A. Wright
    • 1
  • Eden Kleiman
    • 1
  • Justin C. Boucher
    • 1
  • Iris Castro
    • 1
  • Emily S. Clark
    • 1
  1. 1.Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiUSA

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