Impact of Anti-hyperglycemic Medications on Bone Health

Skeletal and calcium controversies in diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and lipid disorders
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  1. Skeletal and calcium controversies in diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and lipid disorders

Abstract

Diabetes has recently emerged as an independent risk factor for osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures, and the underlying mechanisms are starting to be unveiled. Medications used in the treatment of diabetes may impact skeletal health in part through glycemic control. In addition, specific classes of anti-hyperglycemic medications directly influence bone metabolism. In particular, thiazolidinedione use is clearly associated with greater fracture risk. Preliminary studies suggest that medications that enhance the incretin effect (GLP-1 receptor analogs and DPP-4 inhibitors) could have a bone-protective effect, whereas SGLT-2 inhibitors could increase fracture risk. This manuscript reviews the impact of anti-hyperglycemic medications on bone health.

Keywords

Osteoporosis Fracture Diabetes Medications Anti-hyperglycemic 
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Notes

Disclosures

Conflict of interest

Naim M. Maalouf declares that they have no conflict of interest.

Animal/Human studies

This article does not include any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical ResearchUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasUSA
  2. 2.Endocrinology Section, Medical ServiceVeterans Affairs North Texas Health Care SystemDallasUSA

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