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Role of Liposomes-Based Stem Cell for Multimodal Cancer Therapy

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Abstract

The utilization of stem cells as novel carriers to target tissues or organs of interest is a challenging task in delivery system. The composite cellular delivery with diverse signalling molecules as therapeutics increases stem cell capability and possesses the promising potential to augment, modify or commence localized or systemic restoration for vital applications in regenerative medicine. The inherent potential of stem cells to immigrate and reside at wounded site facilitates transportation of genes, polypeptides or nanosized molecules. Liposomes are micro- to nano-lipidic vesicles formed in aqueous solutions to encapsulate complex hydrophilic and lipophilic chemical substances. Moreover, these novel nanocarriers provide safer and efficient delivery of bioactives together with their potential applications in vaccine production, cosmeceuticals, imaging and diagnostic purpose. Tissue engineering promotes rejuvenation process and involves the synchronized utilization of cells with 3D bio-material scaffolds to fabricate living structures. This strategy requires regulated stimulus of cultured cells through combined mechanical signals and bioactive agents. This review highlights and summarizes the mechanism involved in stem cell migration, strategies to enhance homing, safety and efficacy studies of stem cells in various disease models and discusses the potential role of liposomes in prolonged and localized delivery of bioactives for regenerative medicines and tissue engineering techniques.

Role of PEGylated liposomes in cancer stem cell therapy

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Abbreviations

SC:

Stem cells

TI:

Therapeutic index

RES:

Reticulo-endothelial system

RM:

Regenerative medicine

ASCs:

Adult stem cells

PSCs:

Pluripotent stem cells

ESCs:

Embryonic stem cells

MSCs:

Mesenchymal stem cells

GFs:

Growth factors

TE:

Tissue engineering

RM:

Regenerative medicine

ECM:

Extracellular matrix

PAI-10 :

Plasminogen activator inhibitor

uPAR :

urokinase Plasminogen activator receptor

TLR-4:

Toll-like receptor 4

IA:

Intra-articular

VLA-4 :

Very late activation antigen-4

VCAM-1 :

Vascular cell adhesion molecule 1

CXCL12 :

C-X-C motif chemokine 12

CXCR4 (CD184) :

C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4

HSC :

Hematopoietic progenitor cells

SDF-1α:

Stromal cell-derived factor 1

ACKR-3:

Atypical Chemokine Receptor 3

NPs:

Nanoparticles

MNPs :

Magnetic nanoparticles

OI :

Osteogenesis imperfecta

BMP :

Bone morphogenetic protein

BMMSCs :

Bone marrow originated mesenchymal stem cells

ADMSCs:

Adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells

hFIX :

Autologous gene-engineered factor IX

HUMBSCs :

Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells

MRI :

Magnetic resonance imaging

E-PCL :

Electrospun polycaprolactone

NFMs :

Nanofiber meshes

RUNX2 :

Runt-related transcription factor 2

TGF-β :

Transforming growth factor β

COL1A1 :

Collagen type 1, alpha 1

PEG:

Poly (ethylene) glycol

PEG-LP :

PEGylated lipoplexes

PLLA :

Poly-l-lactic acid

NGF :

Nerve growth factor

MCLs :

Magnetic cationic liposomes

PCM :

Polycarbonate membrane

LPH :

Lipid polymer hybrid

SEM :

Scanning electron microscopy

ICAM-1:

Intercellular adhesion molecule-1

BF-ELIP:

Bifunctional echogenic immunoliposomes

LGR-5:

Leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein coupled receptor 5

MCF-7:

Michigan Cancer Foundation-7

SCID :

Severe combined immunodeficiency

HIF-1α:

Hypoxia inducible factor-1α

GCs :

Glioma cells

GSCs :

Glioma stem cells

WGA :

Wheat germ agglutinin

BBB :

Blood brain barrier

SP :

Side population

BCSCs :

Brain cancer stem cells

VM :

Vasculogenic mimicry

MGMT :

O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase

Si RNA :

Small-interfering RNA

pDNA :

Polyrotaxane-plasmid DNA

RNAi :

RNA interference

mRNA :

Messenger RNA

TMZ :

Temozolomide

CED :

Convection-enhanced delivery

RSPO-1:

R-spondin family proteins

BCCs :

Breast cancer cells

CSCs :

Cancer stem cells

MAB:

Monoclonal antibody

MBC:

Metastatic breast cancer

GVHD:

Graft versus host disease

LVEF:

Left ventricular ejection fraction

CAD:

Coronary artery disease

bFGF :

Basic fibroblast growth factor

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  1. Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM’S NMIMS, V. L. Mehta road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India

    Pankaj Mandpe, Bala Prabhakar & Pravin Shende

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Mandpe, P., Prabhakar, B. & Shende, P. Role of Liposomes-Based Stem Cell for Multimodal Cancer Therapy. Stem Cell Rev and Rep 16, 103–117 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12015-019-09933-z

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