Stem Cell Reviews and Reports

, Volume 14, Issue 2, pp 277–285 | Cite as

Identification of a Novel High Yielding Source of Multipotent Adult Human Neural Crest-Derived Stem Cells

  • Matthias Schürmann
  • Viktoria Brotzmann
  • Marlena Bütow
  • Johannes Greiner
  • Anna Höving
  • Christian Kaltschmidt
  • Barbara Kaltschmidt
  • Holger Sudhoff
Article
First Online:

Abstract

Due to their extraordinarily broad differentiation potential and persistence during adulthood, adult neural crest-derived stem cells (NCSCs) are highly promising candidates for clinical applications, particularly when facing the challenging treatment of neurodegenerative diseases or complex craniofacial injuries. Successful application of human NCSCs in regenerative medicine and pharmaceutical research mainly relies on the availability of sufficient amounts of tissue for cell isolation procedures. Facing this challenge, we here describe for the first time a novel population of NCSCs within the middle turbinate of the human nasal cavity. From a surgical point of view, high amounts of tissue are routinely and easily removed during nasal biopsies. Investigating the presence of putative stem cells in obtained middle turbinate tissue by immunohistochemistry, we observed Nestin+/p75NTR+/S100+/α smooth muscle actin (αSMA)− cells, which we successfully isolated and cultivated in vitro. Cultivated middle turbinate stem cells (MTSCs) kept their expression of neural crest and stemness markers Nestin, p75 NTR and S100 and showed the capability of sphere formation and clonal growth, indicating their stem cell character. Application of directed in vitro differentiation assays resulted in successful differentiation of MTSCs into osteogenic and neuronal cell types. Regarding the high amount of tissue obtained during surgery as well as their broad differentiation capability, MTSCs seem to be a highly promising novel neural crest stem cell population for applications in cell replacement therapy and pharmacological research.

Keywords

NCSCs Human Nasal cavity Middle turbinate Neural crest Adult stem cells 
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Notes

Compliance with Ethical Standards

Conflicts of Interest

We have no conflicts of interest relevant to the content of this article. Human nasal middle turbinates and adipose tissue were obtained via routine nasal surgery after informed written consent according to local and international guidelines (Bezirksregierung Detmold/Münster). Isolation and further experimental procedures were ethically approved by the ethics commission of the Ärztekammer Westfalen-Lippe and the medical faculty of the Westfälische Wilhems-Universität (Münster, Germany).

Supplementary material

12015_2017_9797_MOESM1_ESM.jpg (4.8 mb)
Supplementary figure S1: Isolated hMSCs show characteristic morphology, expression profile and differentiation capability into mesodermal cell types. (A)Isolated MSCs show characteristic morphology. (B) RT-PCR and qPCR-analysis revealed the expression of MSC markers CD105, CD106, CD90, CD29, CD73 while lacking expression of non-MSC markers CD45 and CD13. (C) Expression of CD105 in isolated hMSCs was validated on protein level using flow cytometry. (D) hMSCs were able to differentiate into osteogenic cell types visualized by Alizarin red S-stained calcium deposition and adipogenic cells containing Oil red O-positive lipid droplets. (JPG 4956 KB)

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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2017

Authors and Affiliations

  • Matthias Schürmann
    • 1
  • Viktoria Brotzmann
    • 1
  • Marlena Bütow
    • 1
  • Johannes Greiner
    • 2
  • Anna Höving
    • 2
  • Christian Kaltschmidt
    • 2
  • Barbara Kaltschmidt
    • 2
    • 3
  • Holger Sudhoff
    • 1
  1. 1.Department of OtolaryngologyHead and Neck SurgeryBielefeldGermany
  2. 2.Department of Cell BiologyUniversity of BielefeldBielefeldGermany
  3. 3.AG Molecular NeurobiologyUniversity of BielefeldBielefeldGermany

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