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Iron Increases Diabetes-Induced Kidney Injury and Oxidative Stress in Rats

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Abstract

Diabetic nephropathy is both a common and a severe complication of diabetes mellitus. Iron is an essential trace element. However, excess iron is toxic, playing a role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. The present study aimed to determine the extent of the interaction between iron and type 2 diabetes in the kidney. Male rats were randomly assigned into four groups: control, iron (300-mg/kg iron dextran), diabetes (a single dose of intraperitoneal streptozotocin), and iron + diabetes group. Iron supplementation resulted in a higher liver iron content, and diabetic rats showed higher serum glucose compared with control rats, which confirmed the model as iron overload and diabetic. It was found that iron + diabetes group showed a greater degree of kidney pathological changes, a remarkable reduction in body weight, and a significant increase in relative kidney weight and iron accumulation in rat kidneys compared with iron or diabetes group. Moreover, malondialdehyde values in the kidney were higher in iron + diabetes group than in iron or diabetes group, sulfhydryl concentration and glutathione peroxidase activity were decreased by the diabetes and iron + diabetes groups, and protein oxidation and nitration levels were higher in the kidney of iron + diabetes group as compared to iron or diabetes group. However, iron supplementation did not elevate the glucose level of a diabetic further. These results suggested that iron increased the diabetic renal injury probably through increased oxidative/nitrative stress and reduced antioxidant capacity instead of promoting a rise in blood sugar levels; iron might be a potential cofactor of diabetic nephropathy, and strict control of iron would be important under diabetic state.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number 30670481), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (HUST No. 2013QN156).

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that no conflicts of interest exist.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China

    Wanxia Gao, Xueli Li, Zhonghong Gao & Hailing Li

  2. Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China

    Zhonghong Gao & Hailing Li

  3. Basis Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China

    Wanxia Gao

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  1. Wanxia Gao
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  2. Xueli Li
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Correspondence to Hailing Li.

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Gao, W., Li, X., Gao, Z. et al. Iron Increases Diabetes-Induced Kidney Injury and Oxidative Stress in Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 160, 368–375 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-014-0021-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-014-0021-9

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