Update in the Evaluation and Management of Perioperative Stroke
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Abstract
Purpose of review
This review will review the current knowledge and gaps in the literature on the relationship between surgery and ischemic stroke.
Findings
Surgery and ischemic stroke are interrelated phenomena as surgery is an independent risk factor for stroke and perioperative stroke increases morbidity and mortality leading to poor outcomes after surgery. This relationship and the risk of adverse outcome apply not only the clinically apparent stroke in the perioperative period but also clinically silent brain infarction detected only on radiological studies. The risk of perioperative stroke depends on several factors including (i) patient-related factors (age, history of prior stroke, and other comorbidities), (ii) procedure-related factors (type of surgery/procedure, use of cardiopulmonary bypass, antiplatelet/antithrombotic interruption, and metabolic derangement), and (iii) perioperative atrial fibrillation.
Summary
With observation and retrospective data, the literature is limited to prevention and management of perioperative stroke.
Keywords
Perioperative stroke Ischemic stroke Risk prevention Atrial fibrillationNotes
Compliance with Ethical Standards
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Human and Animal Rights and Informed Consent
This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.
References and Recommended Reading
Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: • Of importance •• Of major importance
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