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Emerging Endoscopic Imaging Technologies for Bladder Cancer Detection

  • New Imaging Techniques (A Atala and A Rastinehad, Section Editors)
  • Published:
Current Urology Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Modern urologic endoscopy is the result of continuous innovations since the early nineteenth century. White-light cystoscopy is the primary strategy for identification, resection, and local staging of bladder cancer. While highly effective, white light cystoscopy has several well-recognized shortcomings. Recent advances in optical imaging technologies and device miniaturization hold the potential to improve bladder cancer diagnosis and resection. Photodynamic diagnosis and narrow band imaging are the first to enter the clinical arena. Confocal laser endomicroscopy, optical coherence tomography, Raman spectroscopy, UV autofluorescence, and others have shown promising clinical and pre-clinical feasibility. We review their mechanisms of action, highlight their respective advantages, and propose future directions.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Kathleen Mach for critical review of the manuscript. A.L. is supported by the Stanford University School of Medicine MedScholars Research Fellowship. J.C.L. is supported in part by grant R01 CA160986 from the National Cancer Institute.

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Conflict of Interest

Dr. Aristeo Lopez declares no potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article.

Dr. Joseph C. Liao received a research grant from the National Institute of Health (NIH). Dr. Liao received travel support from Mauna Kea Technologies, including expenses covered or reimbursed, and payment for the development of educational presentations from Storz.

Human and Animal Rights and Informed Consent

This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

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  1. Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Dr., Room S-387, Stanford, CA, 94305-5118, USA

    Aristeo Lopez & Joseph C. Liao

  2. Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA

    Joseph C. Liao

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  1. Aristeo Lopez
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Correspondence to Joseph C. Liao.

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on New Imaging Techniques

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Lopez, A., Liao, J.C. Emerging Endoscopic Imaging Technologies for Bladder Cancer Detection. Curr Urol Rep 15, 406 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11934-014-0406-5

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