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Immunotherapy for the Treatment of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

  • Leukemia (A Aguayo, Section Editor)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Immunotherapy for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) broadens therapeutic options beyond chemotherapy and targeted therapy. Here, we review the use of monoclonal antibody-based drugs and cellular therapies to treat ALL. We discuss the challenges facing the field regarding the optimal timing and sequencing of these therapies in relation to other treatment options as well as considerations of cost effectiveness.

Recent Findings

By early identification of patients at risk for leukemic relapse, monoclonal antibody and cellular immunotherapies can be brought to the forefront of treatment options. Novel CAR design and manufacturing approaches may enhance durable patient response. Multiple clinical trials are now underway to evaluate the sequence and timing of monoclonal antibody, cellular therapy, and/or stem cell transplantation.

Summary

The biologic and clinical contexts in which immunotherapies have advanced the treatment of ALL confer optimism that more patients will achieve durable remissions. Immunotherapy treatments in ALL will expand through rationally targeted approaches alongside advances in CAR T cell therapy design and clinical experience.

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Funding

This work was supported in part by a St. Baldrick’s–Stand Up to Cancer (SU2C) Dream Team translational research grant (SU2C-AACR-DT-27-17). SU2C is a division of the Entertainment Industry Foundation, and research grants are administered by the American Association for Cancer Research, the scientific partner of SU2C. This work was also supported by an NCI (National Cancer Institute) grants U54 CA232568 and the Stanford Child Health Research Institute. S.R. is supported by a Hyundai Hope on Wheels Young Investigator Award and V.B. is an Anne T. and Robert M. Bass Endowed Fellow, supported by the Stanford Child Health Research Institute. K.L.D is the Anne T. and Robert M. Bass Endowed Faculty in Childhood Cancer.

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  1. Bass Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, 265 Campus Drive, G2065, Stanford, CA, 94305-5435, USA

    Valentin Barsan, Sneha Ramakrishna & Kara L. Davis

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  1. Valentin Barsan
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Correspondence to Valentin Barsan, Sneha Ramakrishna or Kara L. Davis.

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Valentin Barsan has received compensation from Illumina for service as a consultant and participation on a science advisory board and Guardant Health for consultation. Sneha Ramakrishna declares that she has no conflict of interest. Kara L. Davis has received compensation from Novartis for participation on an advisory board.

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Barsan, V., Ramakrishna, S. & Davis, K.L. Immunotherapy for the Treatment of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Curr Oncol Rep 22, 11 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11912-020-0875-2

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