Current Gastroenterology Reports

, Volume 2, Issue 3, pp 241–247 | Cite as

Surgical approaches to pediatric defecatory disorders

  • Guy F. Brisseau
  • Jacob C. Langer
Article
  • 42 Downloads

Abstract

Defecation is one of the most basic of human activities. Problems with evacuation of feces have plagued people since the beginning of time. In modern society, defecatory disorders are the source of embarrassment, discomfort, and stress. Society’s lack of openness on this subject forces many people to endure their affliction silently. Nevertheless, although these conditions consume significant medical resources, little research has been done on their causes and treatment. This review summarizes recent developments in surgical treatment of children with these disorders, either in the ability to pass stool or the ability to control defecation.

Keywords

Fecal Incontinence Anorectal Malformation Gracilis Muscle Imperforate Anus Intestinal Neuronal Dysplasia 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References and Recommended Reading

  1. 1.
    Gold DM, Levine J, Weinstein TA, et al.: Frequency of digital rectal examination in children with chronic constipation. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1999, 153:377–379.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  2. 2.
    Pena A: Anorectal malformations. Semin Pediatr Surg 1995, 4:35–47. This is a review article by the premier expert in the management of imperforate anus.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  3. 3.
    Laberge JM: The anterior sagittal approach to the treatment of anorectal malformations: evolution of the Mollard approach. Semin Pediatr Surg 1997, 6:196–203.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  4. 4.
    Moore TC: Advantages of performing the sagittal anoplasty operation for imperforate anus at birth. J Pediatr Surg 1990, 25:276–77.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  5. 5.
    Albanese CT, Georgeson K: Laparoscopic pullthrough for imperforate anus. J Pediatr Surg 2000, in press.Google Scholar
  6. 6.
    Pena A, el Behery M: Megasigmoid: a source of pseudoincontinence in children with repaired anorectal malformations. J Pediatr Surg 1993, 28:199–203.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  7. 7.
    Kleinhaus S, Boley SJ, Sheron M, Sieber WK: Hirschsprung's disease: a survey of the members of the surgical section of the American Academy of Pediatrics. J Pediatr Surg 1979, 14:588–597.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  8. 8.
    Langer JC, Fitzgerald PG, Winthrop AL, et al.: One vs two stage Soave pull-through for Hirschsprung's disease in the first year of life. J Pediatr Surg 1996, 31:33–37.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  9. 9.
    Georgeson KE, Fuenfer MM, Hardin WD: Primary laparoscopic pull-through for Hirschsprung's disease in infants and children. J Pediatr Surg 1995, 30:1017–1021.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  10. 10.
    Langer JC, Minkes RK, Mazziotti MV, et al.: Transanal onestage Soave procedure for infants with Hirschsprung disease. J Pediatr Surg 1999, 34:148–152.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  11. 11.
    De la Torre-Mondragon L, Ortega-Salgado JA: Transanal endorectal pull-through for Hirschsprung's disease. J Pediatr Surg 1998, 33:1283–1286.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  12. 12.
    Langer JC, Seifert M, Minkes RK: One-stage Soave pullthrough for Hirschsprung disease: a comparison of the transanal vs open approaches. J Pediatr Surg 2000, in press. Results of the transanal approach to Hirschsprung' disease are presented in this report.Google Scholar
  13. 13.
    Yanchar NL, Soucy P: Long term outcomes of Hirschsprung's disease: the patients' perspective. J Pediatr Surg 1999, 34:1152–1160. This is an excellent long-term outcome article on the results of surgery for Hirschsprung's disease.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  14. 14.
    Teitelbaum DH, Coran AG: Enterocolitis. Semin Pediatr Surg 1998, 7:162–169.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  15. 15.
    Langer JC, Winthrop AL: Antegrade dilatation over a string for the management of anastomotic complications following a pull-through procedure. J Am Coll Surg 1996, 183:411–412.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  16. 16.
    Langer JC: Repeat pullthrough surgery for complicated Hirschsprung disease: indications, techniques, and results. J Pediatr Surg 1999, 34:1136–1141.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  17. 17.
    Blair GK, Murphy JJ, Fraser GC: Internal sphincterotomy in post-pull-through Hirschsprung's disease. J Pediatr Surg 1996, 31:843–845.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  18. 18.
    Kimura K, Inomata Y, Soper RT: Posterior sagittal rectal myectomy for persistent rectal achalasia after the Soave procedure for Hirschsprung's disease. J Pediatr Surg 1993, 28:1200–1201.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  19. 19.
    Langer JC, Birnbaum EE: Preliminary experience with intrasphincteric botulinum toxin for persistent constipation after a pullthrough for Hirschsprung's disease. J Pediatr Surg 1997, 32:1059–1062.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  20. 20.
    Csury L, Pena A: Intestinal neuronal dysplasia: myth or reality? Pediatr Surg Int 1995, 10:441–446.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  21. 21.
    Di Lorenzo C, Flores AF, Reddy SN, Hyman PE: Use of colonic manometry to differentiate causes of intractable constipation in children. J Pediatr 1992, 120:690–695.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  22. 22.
    Langer JC, Mazziottti MV: Laparoscopic full thickness intestinal biopsies in children [abstract]. Gastroenterology 1999, 116:A560.Google Scholar
  23. 23.
    Simpson BB, Ryan DP, Schnitzer JJ, et al.: Surgical evaluation and management of refractory constipation in older children. J Pediatr Surg 1996, 31:1040–1042.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  24. 24.
    Heikenen JB, Werlin SL, Di Lorenzo C, et al.: Colonic motility in children with repaired imperforate anus. Dig Dis Sci 1999, 44:1288–1292.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  25. 25.
    Pinedo G, Vaizey CJ, Nicholls RJ. Results of repeat anal sphincter repair. Br J Surg 1999, 86:66–69.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  26. 26.
    Hool GR, Lieber ML, Church JM: Postoperative anal canal length predicts outcome in patients having sphincter repair for fecal incontinence. Dis Colon Rectum 1999, 42:313–318.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  27. 27.
    Pinho M, Keighley MR: Results of surgery in idiopathic fecal incontinence. Ann Med 1990, 22:425–433.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  28. 28.
    Sonnino RE, Reinberg O, Bensoussan AL, et al.: Gracilis muscle transposition for anal incontinence in children: long-term follow-up. J Pediatr Surg 1991, 26:1219–1223.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  29. 29.
    Meehan JJ, Hardin WDJ, Georgeson KE: Gluteus maximus augmentation for the treatment of fecal incontinence. J Pediatr Surg 1997;32:1045–1047.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  30. 30.
    Mander BJ, Wexner SD, Williams NS, et al.: Preliminary results of a multicenter trial of the electrically stimulated gracilis neoanal sphincter. Br J Surg 1999, 86:1543–1548.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  31. 31.
    Madoff RD, Rosen HR, Baeten CG, et al.: Safety and efficacy of dynamic muscle plasty for anal incontinence: lessons from a prospective, multicenter trial. Gastroenterology 1999, 116:549–556. This report describes the results of a prospective, randomized trial of the stimulated gracilis muscle transfer procedure.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  32. 32.
    Christiansen J, Rasmussen OO, Lindorff-Larsen K: Long-term results of artificial sphincter implantation for severe anal incontinence. Ann Surg 1999, 230:45–48.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  33. 33.
    Alstad B, Sahlin Y, Myrvold HE: Anal plug in fecal incontinence. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 1999, 119:365–366.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  34. 34.
    Curry JI, Osborne A, Malone PS: The MACE procedure: experience in the United Kingdom. J Pediatr Surg 1999, 34:338–340. This description of the antegrade enema technique and its results is written by the surgeon who developed this important procedure.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  35. 35.
    Duel BP, Gonzalez R: The button cecostomy for management of fecal incontinence. Pediatr Surg Int 1999, 15:559–561.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  36. 36.
    Fonkalsrud EW, Dunn JC, Kawaguchi AI: Simplified technique for antegrade continence enemas for fecal retention and incontinence. J Am Coll Surg 1998, 187:457–460.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  37. 37.
    Chait PG, Shandling B, Richards HM, Connolly BL: Fecal incontinence in children: treatment with percutaneous cecostomy tube placement-prospective study. Radiology 1997, 203:621–624.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  38. 38.
    Lynch AC, Beasley SW, Robertson RW, Morreau PN:Comparison of results of laparoscopic and open antegrade continence enema procedures. Pediatr Surg Int 1999, 15:343–346.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  39. 39.
    Banieghbal B, Davies MR: Antegrade continence enema and its application in Africa. J Pediatr Surg 1999, 34:390–391.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  40. 40.
    Minkes RK, Langer JC: The pediatric ostomy. In Pediatric Gastrointestinal Disease. Edited by Walker WA, Hamilton JR, Watkins KB, et al. Hamilton, Ontario: BC Decker; 2000, in press.Google Scholar

Copyright information

© Current Science Inc 2000

Authors and Affiliations

  • Guy F. Brisseau
    • 1
  • Jacob C. Langer
    • 2
  1. 1.Children's Hospital of BuffaloBuffaloUSA
  2. 2.TorontoCanada

Personalised recommendations