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Titanium Alloy Particles Formation in Electrical Discharge Machining and Fractal Analysis

  • Characterization of Waste-Derived Materials
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Abstract

A large amount of material is machined by electrical discharge machining (EDM) and the machined debris is flushed away as waste. The present study aims to establish EDM as a top-down method which can effectively machine hard-to-cut materials while the by-product, i.e., metal debris, can be utilized as micro/nano particles. In the present work, titanium-alloy grade 5 was machined using a die-sink EDM and the debris was collected from the dielectric fluid with a multistage filtration system. The collected debris was cleaned and the particles were characterized. Particles were examined by scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and energy-dispersive x-rays to determine size, shape, and chemical crystal structure. The average size of the formed particles was 5.14 µm and they were spherical. A fractal analysis was performed on the SEM images to deepen the study of the formed particles.

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Data Availability Statement

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia supported this research through University Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia under research grant number FRGS/1/2019/TK03/UMP/02/30 and supported by DRS from IPS, UMP.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Manufacturing and Mechatronics Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26600, Pekan, Malaysia

    Irshad Ahamad Khilji & Siti Nadiah Binte Mohd Saffe

  2. HiLASE Center, Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Za Radnici 828, 25241, Dolni Brezany, Czech Republic

    Sunil Pathak

  3. The Directorate of Research Development and Innovation Management (DMCDI), Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 15 Constantin Daicoviciu St., 400020, Cluj-Napoca, Cluj County, Romania

    Ştefan Ţălu

  4. Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 11, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland

    Slawomir Kulesza & Miroslaw Bramowicz

  5. Faculty of Industrial Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26300, Gambang, Kuantan, Malaysia

    Venugopal Jayarama Reddy

Authors
  1. Irshad Ahamad Khilji
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  2. Siti Nadiah Binte Mohd Saffe
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  3. Sunil Pathak
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  4. Ştefan Ţălu
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  5. Slawomir Kulesza
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  6. Miroslaw Bramowicz
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  7. Venugopal Jayarama Reddy
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Contributions

Irshad Ahamad Khilji & Sunil Pathak: conceptualization, investigation. Siti Nadiah Binte Mohd Saffe & Sunil Pathak: methodology, supervision. Sunil Pathak & Venugopal Reddy: reviewing and editing, validation. Ştefan Ţălu: investigation, reviewing, and editing. Slawomir Kulesza: validation, investigation. Miroslaw Bramowicz: image processing, fractal analysis, validation.

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Correspondence to Sunil Pathak.

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Khilji, I.A., Saffe, S.N.B.M., Pathak, S. et al. Titanium Alloy Particles Formation in Electrical Discharge Machining and Fractal Analysis. JOM 74, 448–455 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-021-05090-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-021-05090-2

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