Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Fatty Acid Composition of the Oil from Developing Seeds of Different Varieties of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society

Abstract

Fatty acid composition and moisture and oil content were determined for Montola-2001 and Centennial safflower varieties at three different harvest dates from flowering to maturity, which were grown as autumn and spring crops in two different locations in 2001–2002 and 2002–2003. The experiment was carried out using split–split plots in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Sowing dates affected oil content and fatty acid compositions significantly (P < 0.01), whereas moisture content in both years was not significantly affected. Moisture content declined 15 days from flowering period to maturity, while oil content increased. The rate of the palmitic acid formation decreased in both varieties 15 days from flowering period to maturity, whereas formation rates of the oleic and linoleic acids increased in Montola-2001 and Centennial varieties, respectively.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. FAOSTAD Database. http://www.fao.org. (accessed June 2005)

  2. Isigigur A, Karaosmanoglu F, Aksoy HA (1995) Characteristics of safflower seed oils of Turkish origin. J Am Oil Chem Soc 72:1223–1225

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Corleto A, Alba E, Polignano GB, Vonghio G (1997) Safflower: a multipurpose species with unexploited potential and world adaptability. In: Corleto A, Mündel HH (eds) Proceedings of the IVth International Safflower Conference, Bari, Italy, pp 23–31

  4. Pavlov DC, Todorov NA (1996) Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). In: Nwokolo E, Smartt J (eds) Food and feed from legumes and oilseeds. Chapman and Hall, London, pp 245–257

    Google Scholar 

  5. Hofbauer J, Pelikan J (1997) Production of safflower in Czech Republic. In: Corleto A, Mündel HH (eds) Proceedings of the IVth International Safflower Conference. Bari, Italy, pp 43

  6. Uher J (1997) Safflower in European Horticulture. In: Corleto A, Mündel HH (eds) Proceedings of the IVth International Safflower Conference, Bari, Italy, pp 41–42

  7. Corleto A (2001) Safflower project: on-farm introduction of safflower as an alternative oil crop in Southern Italy. In: Bergman JW, Mündel HH (eds) Proceedings of the Vth International Safflower Conference. Williston, North Dakota and Sidney, Montana, USA, pp 179–184

  8. Weiss EA (1983) Oilseed crops. Tropical agriculture series. Longmans, London pp 558

    Google Scholar 

  9. Lata TS, Prakash V (1984) Studies on the proteins from safflower seed (Carthamus tinctorius L.). J Agric Food Chem 32:1412–1416

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Nagaraj G (1993) Safflower seed composition and oil quality—a review. In: Third International Safflower Conference. Beijing, pp 58–71

  11. Knowles PF (1989) Safflower. In: Downey RK, Robbelen G, Ashri A (eds) Oil crops of the world. New York, pp 363–374

  12. Velasco L, Fernandez-Martinez JM (2001) Breeding for oil quality in safflower. In: Bergman JW, Mündel HH (eds) Proceedings of the Vth International Safflower Conference. Williston, North Dakota and Sidney, Montana, USA, pp 133–137

  13. Ladd SL, Knowles PF (1970) Inheritance of stearic acid in the seed oil of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Crop Sci 10:525–527

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Futehally S, Knowles PF (1981) Inheritance of very high levels of linoleic acid in an introduction of safflower (Carthamus Tinctorius L.) from Portugal. In: First International Safflower Conference, Davis, California, pp 56–61

  15. Fernandez-Martinez J, Rio M, Haro A (1993) Survey of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) germplasm for variants in fatty acid composition and other seed characters. Euphytica 69:115–122

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Dajue L (1993) Progress of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) research and production in China. In: Third International Safflower Conference, Beijing, China, pp 35–46

  17. Smith JR (1993) More than four decades of safflower development. In: Third International Safflower Conference, Beijing, China, pp 861–867

  18. Bergman JW (1997) Safflower genetic improvement for yield and value-added traits for the United States Northern Great Plains. In: Bergman JW, Mündel HH (eds) Proceedings of the IVth International Safflower Conference. Bari, Italy, pp 229–231

  19. Garces R, Garcia JM, Mancha M (1989) Lipid characterization in seeds of a high oleic acid sunflower mutant. Phytochem 28:2597–2600

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Lajara JR, Diaz U, Diaz Q (1990) Definite influence of localization and climatic conditions on fatty acid composition of sunflower seed oil. J Am Oil Chem Soc 67:618–623

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Esendal E (2001) Safflower production and research in Turkey. In: Bergman JW, Mündel HH (eds) Proceedings of the Vth International Safflower Conference. Williston, North Dakota and Sidney, Montana, USA, pp 203–206

  22. Esendal E (2001) Global Adaptability and Future Potential of Safflower. In: Bergman JW, Mündel HH (eds) Proceedings of the Vth International Safflower Conference. Williston, North Dakota and Sidney, Montana, USA, pp XI–XII

  23. Rubis DD (2001) Developing new characteristics during 50 years of safflower breeding. In: Bergman JW, Mündel HH (eds) Proceedings of the Vth International Safflower Conference. Williston, North Dakota and Sidney, Montana, USA, pp 109–111

  24. IUPAC (1987) Standard methods for the analyses of oils, fats, and derivatives, 7th edn. Blackwell Jevent Publishers, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  25. (1992) Official methods and recommended practices of the American Oil Chemists’ Society, 4th edn. American Oil Chemists’ Society, Champaign, Method Ce 2–66

  26. Soysal I (1993) Principles of biometric analysis, vol 95. Trakya University, Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, Tekirdag, pp 15–35

  27. Sims RA, Mc Gregor WG, Plessers AG, Mes JC (1961) Lipid changes in maturing oil bearing plants. II. Changes in fatty acid composition of flax and safflower seed oils. J Am Oil Chem Soc 38:276–279

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Leininger LN, Lee A (1964) Urie, development of safflower seed from flowering to maturity. Crop Sci 4:83–87

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Hamrouni I, Touati S, Dhifi W, Chahed T, Ayachi S, Salah H, Marzouk B (2004) Glycerolipid evolution during safflower seed formation and ripening. J. Food Lipids 11:297–311

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Bratcher SS, Kemmerer AR (1969) Oxidative stability of safflower oil. J Am Oil Chem Soc 46:173–175

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Dorrell DG (1976) Chlorogenic acid content of sunflower seed flour as affected by seeding and harvest date. Can J Plant Sci 56:901–905

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Abo-Hegazi AMT, Shalaby AR (1993) Characteristics of some mutants of safflower, (Carthamus Tinctorius. L). In: Third International Safflower Conference, Beijing, pp 102–111

  33. Xuehai Z, Qingwei Z (1993) Studies on Development and Exploitation of Safflower. In: Third International Safflower Conference, Beijing, pp 897–901

  34. Gambacorta G, Leone AM, Cazzato E (1997) Seed composition of some safflower cultivars tested in South Italy. In: Corleto A, Mündel HH (eds) Proceedings of the IVth International Safflower Conference. Bari, Italy, pp 353–356

  35. Knowles PF (1968) Associations of high levels of oleic acid in the seed oil of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) with other plant and seed characteristics. Econ Bot 22:195–200

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Nagaraj G, Reddy PS (1997) Some factors influencing safflower seed and oil quality. In: Corleto A, Mündel HH (eds) Proceedings of the International Safflower Conference. Bari, Italy, pp 347–349

  37. Esendal E, Tosun F (1972) Research on the yield, phonological, morphological and seed characteristics of some native and foreign varieties of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) under Erzurum ecological conditions. Ataturk Univ J Agric Fac 3:93–115

    Google Scholar 

  38. Hill AB, Knowles PF (1968) Fatty acid composition of the oil of developing seeds of different varieties of safflower. Crop Sci 8:275–277

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Robertson JA, Thomas JK, Burdick D (1971) Chemical composition of seed of sunflower hybrids and open pollinated varieties. J Food Sci 36:873

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Nagao A, Yamazaki M (1984) Effect of temperature during maturation on fatty acid composition of sunflower seed. Agric Biol Chem 48:553–555

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Harris P, James AT (1969) Effect of low temperature on fatty acid biosynthesis in seeds. Biochem Biophys Acta 187:13–18

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Browse J, Slack CR (1983) The effects of temperature and oxygen on the rates of fatty acid synthesis and oleate desaturation in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) seed. Biochem Biophys Acta 753:145–152

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Robertson JA, Chapman GW, Wilson RL (1978) Relation of days after flowering to chemical composition and physiological maturity of sunflower seed. J Am Oil Chem Soc 55:266–269

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. McKillican ME, Sims RPA (1963) Lipid changes in maturing oil-bearing plants. III. Changes in lipid classes in flax and safflower oils. J Am Oil Chem Soc 40:108–113

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the Trakya University Research Fund for providing funding for this work (TUBAP-479).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, Department of Food Engineering, Trakya University, Tekirdag, 59030, Turkey

    Umit Gecgel, Mehmet Demirci & Murat Tasan

  2. Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, Department of Field Crops, Trakya University, Tekirdag, Turkey

    Enver Esendal

Authors
  1. Umit Gecgel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Mehmet Demirci
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Enver Esendal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Murat Tasan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Umit Gecgel.

About this article

Cite this article

Gecgel, U., Demirci, M., Esendal, E. et al. Fatty Acid Composition of the Oil from Developing Seeds of Different Varieties of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). J Amer Oil Chem Soc 84, 47–54 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11746-006-1007-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11746-006-1007-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation