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Dietary Oil Source and Selenium Supplementation Modulate Fads2 and Elovl5 Transcriptional Levels in Liver and Brain of Meagre (Argyrosomus regius)

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Lipids

Abstract

The meagre (Argyrosomus regius) is taking on increasing importance in the aquaculture industry. In view of the limited supply of fish oil (FO) as a feed ingredient, the study of the capacity to biosynthesize long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) from alternative dietary oil sources is important. We analyzed changes in fatty acid (FA) desaturase 2 (fads2) and FA elongase 5 (elovl5) mRNA levels in livers and brains in response to FO replacement with a blend of vegetable oils (VO) and selenium (Se) supplementation. Fish were fed for 60 days with either a diet containing FO or a diet including VO, each supplemented or not with organic Se. Results showed that fads2 and elovl5 transcription was higher in liver when fish were fed VO diets. The brain mRNA levels of both genes were not affected by the dietary replacement of FO by VO. FA composition in the liver and skeletal muscle was altered by FO replacement, particularly by decreasing eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid contents. The α-linolenic, linoleic, and arachidonic acid contents increased in both liver and brain of fish fed VO diets. The effect of Se supplementation on lipid metabolism was evident only in fish fed FO, showing a decrease in the transcription of hepatic fads2. Results indicate that the total replacement of FO by VO in diets modulates the expression of genes involved in LC-PUFA biosynthesis in meagre, affecting the FA profile of the fish flesh.

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Abbreviations

ALA:

α-Linolenic acid

ARA:

Arachidonic acid

DBI:

Double bond index

DGI:

Daily growth index

DHA:

Docosahexaenoic acid

DPA:

Docosapentaenoic acid

Elovl:

Elongase enzyme

elovl5 :

Fatty acid elongase 5

EPA:

Eicosapentaenoic acid

FA:

Fatty acid

Fads:

Desaturase enzyme

fads2 :

Fatty acid desaturase 2

FAS:

Fatty acid synthetase

FE:

Feed efficiency

FO:

Fish oil

LNA:

Linoleic acid

LC-PUFA:

Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids

MUFA:

Monounsaturated fatty acids

Se:

Selenium

+Se:

With selenium

−Se:

Without selenium

SFA:

Saturated fatty acids

VO:

Vegetable oils

WG:

Weight gain

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Pedro Pousão (IPMA/Olhão) for providing the meagre, Pedro Eloi (ICBAS/UP) for fish maintenance, Mónica Sofia Lopes Marques and Ivone Pinheiro (CIIMAR/UP) for technical advice. CAPES PhD Scholarship process no. 0277-13-4.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CIIMAR – Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas n.289, 4050-123, Porto, Portugal

    Francisca Silva-Brito, Leonardo J. Magnoni, Maria João Peixoto, L. Filipe C. Castro, Isabel Cunha, Rodrigo Otávio de Almeida Ozório, Fernando Antunes Magalhães & José Fernando Magalhães Gonçalves

  2. ICBAS – Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

    Francisca Silva-Brito, Maria João Peixoto, Rodrigo Otávio de Almeida Ozório, Fernando Antunes Magalhães & José Fernando Magalhães Gonçalves

  3. IIB-INTECH – Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (CONICET), Chascomús, Argentina

    Leonardo J. Magnoni

  4. UFPB – Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Paraíba, Brazil

    Sthelio Braga Fonseca

  5. FCUP – Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

    L. Filipe C. Castro

  6. CCTA – Centro de Ciencias e Tecnologia Agroalimentar, UFCG – Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil

    Sthelio Braga Fonseca

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  1. Francisca Silva-Brito
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  2. Leonardo J. Magnoni
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  3. Sthelio Braga Fonseca
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  4. Maria João Peixoto
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  5. L. Filipe C. Castro
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  8. Fernando Antunes Magalhães
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  9. José Fernando Magalhães Gonçalves
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Correspondence to Leonardo J. Magnoni.

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Silva-Brito, F., Magnoni, L.J., Fonseca, S.B. et al. Dietary Oil Source and Selenium Supplementation Modulate Fads2 and Elovl5 Transcriptional Levels in Liver and Brain of Meagre (Argyrosomus regius). Lipids 51, 729–741 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-016-4157-6

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