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Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B

, Volume 28, Issue 6, pp 1199–1211 | Cite as

A flame process for synthesis of unagglomerated, low-oxygen nanoparticles: Application to Ti and TiB2

  • R. L. Axelbaum
  • S. M. L. Sastry
  • D. P. Dufaux
  • C. A. Frey
Article

Abstract

A gas-phase flame process for synthesizing unagglomerated nanoparticles of metals, intermetallics, ceramics, and composites is described. Employing this process, titanium and titanium boride have been synthesized by the vapor-phase reaction of sodium with titanium tetrachloride and a 1:2 mixture of titanium tetrachloride and boron trichloride, respectively. To minimize agglomeration and protect the particles from postflame oxidation, the NaCl by-product is allowed to condense onto the particles in situ, yielding NaCl-encapsulated particles. In this way, stable, unagglomerated Ti and TiB2 nanoparticles have been produced and the encapsulated powders have been handled in air without oxidation. Particle size has also been varied with the encapsulation process, and titanium particles with mean sizes of 10 and 60 nm have been produced by varying operating conditions. The NaCl has been removed by water washing as well as vacuum annealing. Thermodynamic results show that the sodium/halide process is applicable for synthesis of many materials, with yields approaching 100 pct under a wide range of operating conditions. Similarly, the encapsulation process is generally applicable, making the sodium/halide flame and encapsulation process a viable one for large-scale synthesis of environmentally insensitive nanopowders.

Keywords

Material Transaction Select Area Diffraction Pattern Core Particle Titanium Tetrachloride Titanium Diboride 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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Copyright information

© ASM International & TMS-The Minerals, Metals and Materials Society 1997

Authors and Affiliations

  • R. L. Axelbaum
    • 1
  • S. M. L. Sastry
    • 1
  • D. P. Dufaux
    • 2
  • C. A. Frey
    • 3
  1. 1.the Department of Mechanical EngineeringWashington UniversitySt. Louis
  2. 2.National Environmental Technologies, Inc.Charlotte
  3. 3.MEMCSt. Peters

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