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Influence of Transformation Plasticity on the Distribution of Internal Stress in Three Water-Quenched Cylinders

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Abstract

Based on the hardenability of three medium carbon steels, cylinders with the same 60-mm diameter and 240-mm length were designed for quenching in water to obtain microstructures, including a pearlite matrix (Chinese steel mark: 45), a bainite matrix (42CrMo), and a martensite matrix (40CrNiMo). Through the combination of normalized functions describing transformation plasticity (TP), the thermo-elasto-plastic constitutive equation was deduced. The results indicate that the finite element simulation (FES) of the internal stress distribution in the three kinds of hardenable steel cylinders based on the proposed exponent-modified (Ex-Modified) normalized function is more consistent with the X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements than those based on the normalized functions proposed by Abrassart, Desalos, and Leblond, which is attributed to the fact that the Ex-Modified normalized function better describes the TP kinetics. In addition, there was no significant difference between the calculated and measured stress distributions, even though TP was taken into account for the 45 carbon steel; that is, TP can be ignored in FES. In contrast, in the 42CrMo and 40CrNiMo alloyed steels, the significant effect of TP on the residual stress distributions was demonstrated, meaning that TP must be included in the FES. The rationality of the preceding conclusions was analyzed. The complex quenching stress is a consequence of interactions between the thermal and phase transformation stresses. The separated calculations indicate that the three steels exhibit similar thermal stress distributions for the same water-quenching condition, but different phase transformation stresses between 45 carbon steel and alloyed steels, leading to different distributions of their axial and tangential stresses.

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Acknowledgment

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51371117 and 51401121).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People’s Republic of China

    Yu Liu, Shengwei Qin, Jiazhi Zhang, Yonghua Rong & Xunwei Zuo

  2. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People’s Republic of China

    Nailu Chen

  3. School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Dianji University, Shanghai, 201306, People’s Republic of China

    Ying Wang

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  1. Yu Liu
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  2. Shengwei Qin
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  3. Jiazhi Zhang
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Correspondence to Nailu Chen.

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Manuscript submitted February 12, 2017.

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Liu, Y., Qin, S., Zhang, J. et al. Influence of Transformation Plasticity on the Distribution of Internal Stress in Three Water-Quenched Cylinders. Metall Mater Trans A 48, 4943–4956 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-017-4230-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-017-4230-7

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