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Fusarium species from tropical grasses in Brazil and description of two new taxa

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Abstract

Fusarium isolates were obtained from asymptomatic seeds of wild grasses collected in six regions of Brazil. Eleven phylogenetic species were identified among 41 isolates based on sequences of EF-1α. These are members of the F. fujikuroi (FFSC, n = 24), F. incarnatum-equiseti (FIESC, n = 13), and F. chlamydosporum (FCSC, n = 5) species complexes that encompass known plant pathogens, mycotoxigenic species, and endophytes. Phylogenetic analyses based on EF-1α, RPB2, and TUB revealed two new species, F. caapi and F. brachiariae, that belong to the African clade of the FFSC and share main morphological features of F. mundagurra and F. nygamai. Another encountered isolate formed a singleton phylogenetic lineage within the FIESC. This survey shows that naturally occurring and cultivated grasses not only harbor a high diversity of known species, which are pathogens of maize, sorghum, rice, and sugarcane, but also novel Fusarium species.

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Data availability

Biological reference material is deposited and available in official collections and DNA sequences and alignments at GenBank and TreeBASE, respectively.

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Acknowledgments

Thanks are due to Edson Luis Rezende for the technical assistance.

Funding

Part of this research was supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq (Proc. 406335/2013-5). The first and second authors acknowledge a fellowship given by CNPq (Proc. 140818/2020-0 and Proc. 156738/2011-2). LHP acknowledges a grant given by CNPq (Proc. 311888/20178).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, 37200-900, Brazil

    Marileide M. Costa, Filipe S. Carmo, Gláucia M. Moreira, Elaine A. Guimarães, Sarah S. Costa & Ludwig H. Pfenning

  2. Universidade Federal do Acre, Campus Floresta, Cruzeiro do Sul, AC, 69895-000, Brazil

    Maruzanete P. Melo

  3. Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Campus Montes Claros, Montes Claros, MG, 39404-547, Brazil

    Fernando S. Rocha

  4. Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil

    Lucas M. Abreu

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  1. Marileide M. Costa
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  2. Maruzanete P. Melo
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  4. Gláucia M. Moreira
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  9. Ludwig H. Pfenning
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Contributions

Marileide M. Costa and Ludwig H. Pfenning designed the project, supervised its execution, wrote the first draft of the manuscript, and prepared the taxonomic descriptions. Maruzanete P. Melo, Filipe S. Carmo, Elaine A. Guimarães, and Fernando S. Rocha contributed with collection of material, isolation, identification, and preservation of fungal species and the elaboration of the discussion. Gláucia M. Moreira, Sarah S. Costa, and Lucas M. Abreu contributed with sequence analysis, preparation of phylogenetic trees, and overall analysis of the data. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript and approved the final version. Therefore, they had full access to all the data obtained in this study and take responsibility for the integrity and security of the data.

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Correspondence to Ludwig H. Pfenning.

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Costa, M.M., Melo, M.P., Carmo, F.S. et al. Fusarium species from tropical grasses in Brazil and description of two new taxa. Mycol Progress 20, 61–72 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-020-01658-5

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