Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology

, Volume 10, Issue 4, pp 645–650 | Cite as

A Perspective on Roles Played by Innate and Adaptive Immunity in the Pathobiology of Neurodegenerative Disorders

PERSPECTIVE
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Abstract

Aberrant innate and adaptive immune responses are neurodegenerative disease effectors. Disease is heralded by a generalized, but subtle immune activation orchestrated by the release of extracellular prion-like aggregated and oxidized or otherwise modified proteins. These are responsible for an inflammatory neurotoxic cascade. The perpetrators of such events include effector T cells and activated microglia. What ensues are Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and stroke with changed frequencies of effector T cell and reduced numbers or function of regulatory lymphocytes. The control of such immune responses could lead to new therapeutic strategies and the means to effectively combat a composite of diseases that have quite limited therapeutic options.

Keywords

Alzheimer’s disease Parkinson’s disease Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Stroke Adaptive immunity Regulatory T cells Effector T cells Innate immunity Neuroprotection Neurodestruction Neurodegenerative diseases 
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Notes

Acknowledgments

This work was supported, in part, by the University of Nebraska Foundation which includes individual donations from Carol Swarts and Frances and Louie Blumkin, the Department of Defense grant W81XWH11-1-0700 and National Institutes of Health grants R01 NS070190, P01 DA028555, R01 NS36126, P01 NS31492, 2R01 NS034239, P01 MH64570, P01 NS43985, P30 MH062261 and R01 AG043540.

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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, University of Nebraska Medical CenterDepartment of Pharmacology and Experimental NeuroscienceOmahaUSA

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