Skip to main content
Log in

The global image of the Moon obtained by the Chang’E-1: Data processing and lunar cartography

  • Research Paper
  • Published:
Science China Earth Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The global lunar image of the first phase of Chinese Lunar Exploration Program is the first image that covered all over the surface of the Moon. It will serve as a critical foundation for succeeding exploration and scientific research. In this paper, the acquisition, characteristics, and data quality of Chang’E-1 CCD image data are described in detail. Also described are the methodology and procedure of data processing. According to rule of planetary cartography, the image data have been processed, geometrically corrected, and then mosaicked and merged in a scale of 1:2.5 million. The results of data processing and charting show that the image data of Chang’E-1 CCD and their geometric precision meet the demand of charting a map in the scale of 1:2.5 million. The relative geometric positioning precision of the global image is better than 240 m, and the absolute geometric positioning precision is slightly better than that of the ULCN2005 and Clementine lunar basemap (V2.0). The plane positioning precision is approximately 100-1500 m. This global image proves to be the best global image of the Moon so far in terms of space coverage, image quality, and positioning precision.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Akademia N, Barabashov, Nokolai P, et al. Atlas Obratnoi Storony Luny. Moskva: Izd-vo-Akademii Nauk SSSR, 1960

    Google Scholar 

  2. Lewis H A G. The Times Atlas of the Moon. London: Times Newspapers, 1969

    Google Scholar 

  3. Bowker D E, Hughes J K. Lunar Orbiter Photographic Atlas of the Moon. Houston: Lunar and Planetary Institute, 1971

    Google Scholar 

  4. Bussey B, Spudis P. The Clementine Atlas of the Moon. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004

    Google Scholar 

  5. Eliason E, Isbell C, Lee E, et al. The Clementine UVVIS Global Lunar Mosaic. Houston: Lunar and Planetary Institute, 1999

    Google Scholar 

  6. Rosiek M R, Kirk R, Howington-Kraus E. Color-coded Topography and Shaded Relief Maps of the Lunar Hemispheres. In: 33rd Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. Houston: Lunar and Planetary Institute, 2002

    Google Scholar 

  7. Smith D E, Zuber M T, Neumann G A, et al. Topography of the moon from the Clementine lidar. J Geophys Res, 1997, 102(E1): 1591–1611

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Archinal B A, Rosiek M R, Kirk R L, et al. Completion of the unified lunar control network 2005 and topographic model. 37th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference [CD-ROM]. Houston: Lunar and Planetary Institute, 2006

    Google Scholar 

  9. Hare T M, Archinal B A, Becker T L, et al. Clementine mosaics warped to ulcn 2005 network. 39th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Abs.#2337 [CD-ROM]. Houston: Lunar and Planetary Institute, 2008

    Google Scholar 

  10. Lee E M, Gaddis L R, Weller L, et al. A new clementine basemap of the Moon. 40th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Abs. #2445 [CD-ROM]. Houston: Lunar and Planetary Institute, 2009

    Google Scholar 

  11. Becker T, Weller L, Gaddis L, et al. Progress on reviving lunar orbiter: Scanning, archiving, and cartographic processing at USGS. 35th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Abs.#1791 [CD-ROM]. Houston: Lunar and Planetary Institute, 2004

    Google Scholar 

  12. Weller L, Red-ding B, Becker T, et al. Lunar orbiter revived: Very high resolution views of the Moon. 37th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. Houston: Lunar and Planetary Institute, 2006

    Google Scholar 

  13. Weller L, Becker T, Archinal B, et al. USGS lunar orbiter digitization project: Updates and status. 38th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. Houston: Lunar and Planetary Institute, 2007

    Google Scholar 

  14. Byrne C J. Lunar Orbiter Photographic Atlas of the Near Side of the Moon. Berlin: Springer, 2005

    Book  Google Scholar 

  15. Phillip P J. The International Atlas of Lunar Exploration. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007

    Google Scholar 

  16. Seidelmann P K, Abalakin V K, Bursa M, et al. Report of the IAU/IAG working group on cartographic coordinates and rotational elements of the planets and satellites: 2000. Celest Mech Dyn Astr, 2002, 82: 83–110

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Davies M E, Colvin T R, Meyer D L, et al. The unified lunar control network: 1994 version. J Geophys Res, 1994, 99(E11): 23211–23214

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Archinal B A, Rosiek M R, Kirk R L, et al. The Unified Lunar Control Network 2005. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report, 2006. 1367

  19. Rosiek M R, Cook A C, Robinson M S, et al. A revised planet-wide digital elevation model of the Moon. 38th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Abs.#2297 [CD-ROM]. Houston: Lunar and Planetary Institute, 2007

    Google Scholar 

  20. Archinal B A, Rosiek M R, Kirk R L, et al. Completion of the unified lunar control network 2005 and topographic model. 37th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Abs.#2310. Houston: Lunar and Planetary Institute, 2006

    Google Scholar 

  21. Eliason E, Isbell C, Lee E, et al. Mission to the Moon: The Clementine UVVIS Global Lunar Mosaic, PDS Volumes USA_NASA_PDS_CL_4001 Through 4078. The U.S. Geological Survey, 1999

  22. Eliason E M, Isbell C, Lee E, et al. Clementine Basemap Mosaic, PDS Volumes USA_NASA_PDS_CL_3001 Through 3015. The U.S. Geological Survey, 1997

  23. Isbell C, Eliason E M, Adams K C, et al. Clementine: A multi-spectral digital image model archive of the Moon. 30th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, Abs.#1812. Houston: Lunar and Planetary Institute, 1999

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to ChunLai Li.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Li, C., Liu, J., Ren, X. et al. The global image of the Moon obtained by the Chang’E-1: Data processing and lunar cartography. Sci. China Earth Sci. 53, 1091–1102 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-010-4016-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-010-4016-x

Keywords

Navigation