Collaborative corrections with spelling control: Digital resources and peer assistance
- 373 Downloads
- 12 Citations
Abstract
The present study has explored how pairs of students deployed digital tools (spelling software) as resources in spontaneously occurring corrections of spelling errors. Drawing on the sociocultural theory of learning and ethnomethodological (Conversation Analytic) insights into social interaction, it has identified a range of consistent practices and uses of the spelling tools that were emergent in the everyday educational activities. As demonstrated, technology-assisted error corrections constituted a complex situation, where a number of socioculturally significant factors (goals of the task, properties of the software, and physical access to computer applications) shaped the trajectories of joint work. The present analysis shows in detail how the students approached the visually manifested language production errors by using two kinds of software resources, spelling lists, and a diagnostic tool. The inherent conceptual distinctions, characteristic of these tools, configured joint interpretative work and efforts to correct the errors in different ways. Recurrently, the students’ technology-based corrections were designed as autonomous, stepwise, locally improvised problem solutions, which were subsequently submitted for the evaluation of the diagnostic software. Overall, the study shows that the under-specification of the software’s instructions opened a space for the students’ creative engagement. The potentials of joint spelling software-assisted corrections for collaborative learning are discussed.
Keywords
CSCL Sociocultural theory Interaction analysis Error corrections Spellchecker technological toolsNotes
Acknowledgements
Thanks are due to Daniel Persson Thunqvist, Per Linell, and the three anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments on an earlier draft of this article. Financial support from the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, The Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation and The Swedish Research Council programme for the study of Learning and Memory in children and young adults, project “Learning, interaction, and the development of narrative knowing and remembering” is gratefully acknowledged.
References
- Arnseth, H.-C., & Ludvigsen, S. (2006). Approaching institutional contexts: Systemic versus dialogic research in CSCL. International journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative learning, 1, 167–185.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Arnseth, H.-C., & Säljö, R. (2007). Making sense of epistemic categories. Analysing students’ use of categories of progressive inquiry in computer mediated collaborative activities. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 23(5), 425–439.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Cole, M. (1996). Cultural psychology: A once and future discipline. Cambridge, MA: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
- Crook, D. (2002). Deferring to resources: Collaborations and traditional versus computer-based notes. Journal of Computer-Assisted Learning, 18, 64–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Dwyer, N., & Suthers, D. (2006). Consistent practices in artefact-mediated collaboration. International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning, 1, 481–511.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Frohlich, D., Drew, P., & Monk, A. (1994). Management of repair in human-computer interaction. Human-computer Interaction, 9, 385–425.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Goodwin, M. H. (1980). Processes of mutual monitoring implicated in the production of description sequences. Sociological Inquiry, 50, 303–317.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Goodwin, C. (2000). Action and embodiment within situated human interaction. Journal of Pragmatics, 32, 1489–1522.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Goodwin, C., & Goodwin, M. H. (1996). Seeing as a situated activity: Formulating planes. In Y. Engeström & D. Middleton (Eds.), Cognition and communication at work (pp. 61–95). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
- Greiffenhagen, C. (2008). Unpacking tasks: The fusion of new technology with instructional work. Computer Supported Cooperative Work, 17(1), 35–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Greiffenhagen, C., & Watson, R. (2009). Visual repairables: Analyzing the work of repair in human-computer interaction. Visual Communication, 8(1), 65–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Grossen, M., & Pochon, L.-O. (1997). Interactional perspectives on the use of the computer and the technological development of a new tool: The case of word processing. In B. Resnick, R. Säljö, C. Pontecorvo & B. Burge (Eds.), Discourse, tools and reasoning. Essays on situated cognition (pp. 265–287). New York: Springer.Google Scholar
- Heap, J. (1989). Collaborative practices during Word processing in a first grade classroom. In C. Emihovic (Ed.), Locating learning: Ethnographic perspectives on classroom research (pp. 263–288). Norwood, NJ: Ablex.Google Scholar
- Heath, C., Jirotka, M., Luff, P., & Hindmarsh, J. (1994). Unpacking collaboration: The interactional organization of trading in a city dealing room. Journal of Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, 3(2), 147–165.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Heift, T., & Rimrott, A. (2008). Learner responses to corrective feedback for spelling errors in CALL. System, 36, 196–213.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Heritage, J. (1984). Garfinkel and ethnometology. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.Google Scholar
- Hutchby, J. (2001). Conversation and technology. From the telephone to the internet. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.Google Scholar
- Ivarsson, J., & Säljö, R. (2005). Seeing through the screen: Human reasoning and the development of representational technologies. In P. Gärdenfors & P. Johansson (Eds.), Cognition, education and communication technology (pp. 203–222). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
- Jefferson, G. (1987). On exposed and embedded correction. In G. Button & J. Lee (Eds.), Talk and social organisation. Avon, UK: Multilingual Matters.Google Scholar
- Jordan, B., & Henderson, A. (1995). Interaction analysis: Foundations and practice. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 4, 39–103.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Koschmann, T. (2002). Dewey’s contribution to the foundations of CSCL research. In G. Stahl (Ed.), Computer Support for Collaborative Learning: Foundations for a CSCL community: Proceedings of CSCL 2002 (pp. 17–22). Lawrence Erlbaum: Boulder CO.Google Scholar
- Koschmann, T., Goodwin, C., LeBaron, C., & Feltovich, P. (2006). The mystery of the missing referent: Objects, procedures, and the problem of the instruction follower. In S. Greenberg & G. Mark (Eds.), Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (pp. 373–382). New York: ACM.Google Scholar
- Koshik, I. (2002). Designedly incomplete utterances: A pedagogical practice for eliciting knowledge displays in error correction sequences. Research on Language Social Interaction, 35(3), 277–309.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Lantolf, J., & Thorne, S. (2006). The sociogenesis of second language development. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
- Linell, P. (1998). Approaching dialogue: Talk, interaction, and contexts in dialogical perspectives. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar
- Linell, P. (2009). Rethinking language, mind and world dialogically. Aspects of human sense-making. Charlotte, NC: Information Age Publishing.Google Scholar
- Lipponen, L., Rahikainen, M., Lallimo, J., & Hakkarainen, K. (2003). Patterns of participation and discourse in elementary students’ computer-supported collaborative learning. Learning & Instruction, 13, 487–509.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Littleton, K., & Light, P. (eds). (1999). Learning with computers. Analysing productive interaction. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
- MacBeth, D. (2004). The relevance of repair for classroom correction. Language in Society, 33, 703–736.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Mercer, N., & Wegerif, R. (1999). Is “exploratory” talk productive talk? In K. Littleton & P. Light (Eds.), Learning with computers. Analysing productive interaction (pp. 79–102). London: Routledge.Google Scholar
- Ndiaye, M., & Vanderventer Faltin, A. (2003). A spell checker tailored to language learners. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 16(2–3), 213–232.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Pomerantz, A. (1984). Agreeing and disagreeing with assessments: Some aspects of preferred/dispreferred turn shapes. In J. M. Atkinson & J. Heritage (Eds.), Structures of social action: Studies in Conversation Analysis. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
- Rosetti-Ferreira, C., Amorim, K., & Silva, A. (2007). Network of meanings: A theoretical-methodological perspective for the investigation of human developmental process. In J. Valsiner & A. Rosa (Eds.), The Cambridge handbook of sociocultural psychology (pp. 277–292). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
- Schegloff, E. (1992). Repair after next turn: The last structurally provided defense of intersubjectivity in conversation. American Journal of Sociology, 97(5), 1295–1345.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Schegloff, E., Jefferson, G., & Sacks, H. (1977). The preference for self-correction in the organization of repair in conversation. Language, 53, 361–382.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Stahl, G. (2005). Group cognition in computer-assisted collaborative learning. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 21, 79–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Stahl, G., & Hesse, F. (2006). Social practices of computer-supported collaborative learning. International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning, 1, 409–412.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Suchman, L. (1997). Centers of coordination: A case and some themes. In B. Resnick, R. Säljö, C. Pontecorvo & B. Burge (Eds.), Discourse, tools and reasoning. Essays on situated cognition (pp. 41–62). New York: Springer.Google Scholar
- Suchman, L. (2007). Human-machine reconfigurations: Plans and situated actions (2nd ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
- Swain, M. (2000). The output hypothesis and beyond: Mediating acquisition through collaborative dialogue. In J. P. Lantolf (Ed.), Sociocultural theory and second language learning (pp. 97–114). Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
- Säljö, R. (1999). Learning as the use of tools: A sociocultural perspective on the human-technology link. In K. Littleton & P. Light (Eds.), Learning with computers. Analysing productive interactions (pp. 144–161). London: Routledge.Google Scholar
- Säljö, R. (2004). Learning and technologies, people and tools in co-ordinated activities. International journal of Educational Research, 41, 489–494.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Templeton, S., & Morris, D. (2001). Reconceptualising spelling development and instruction. In M. Kamil, P. Mosenthal, P. Pearson & R. Barr (Eds.), Handbook of reading research, volume III (pp. 135–160). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.Google Scholar
- Vygotsky, L. (1978). Mind in society. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
- Werner, H., & Kaplan, B. (1963). Symbol formation. New York: Viley.Google Scholar
- Wertsch, J. (1991). Voices of the mind. A sociocultural approach to mediated action. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
- Zemel, A., Koschmann, T., LeBaron, C., & Feltovich, P. (2008). “What are we missing?” Usability’s indexical ground. Computer Supported Cooperative Work, 17(1), 63–85.CrossRefGoogle Scholar