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The problem of dephosphorization using waste recycling

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Abstract

The article considers optimizing methods for wastewater treatment systems. Nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) are discharged from the river basin of the northwest Russia. Disruption of ecological safety and healthy state of water basins takes place when excess amount of nitrogen and phosphorus is discharged from wastewater. This results in eutrophication that is increased growth of seaweeds and, therefore, in ecological system disruption. The cities of the northwest region are short of funds for renovation of water treatment systems. However, the new solution lies in improvement of biological water treatment system by means of chemical injection. The main research task is implementation of methods for enhanced biological phosphorus removal from domestic sewage. The problem of recycling and ecological safety of rivers within the northwest of Russia and the Baltic Sea is not solved completely. That is why for wastewater dephosphorization, the authors suggest using sulfuric acid production waste at chemical plant “Ammophos,” Cherepovets (ferrous sulfate FeSO4·7H2O and phosphogypsum СаSO4·Р2О5), as reagents. The advantage of these reagents is their low cost. The authors show the efficiency of the new optimal reagent’s combination. Filtering the wastewater through sand filters after secondary settlers increases the total phosphorus removal efficiency up to 90%. The high effect of all types of phosphorus and total nitrogen removal from wastewater can be resulted from the features of micelle creation during coagulation.

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Abbreviations

ACC:

Allowable concentration of contaminants

BOD5 :

Five-day biochemical oxygen demand

BODtot :

Total biological demand of oxygen, equals 1.43 BOD5

COD:

Chemical oxygen demand

CODbichromate :

Bichromate chemical oxygen demand

P tot :

Total phosphorus

P orthoph :

Orthophosphate, any salt or ester of orthophosphoric acid, mineral phosphorus in mineral substances, specifically metal-phosphates

CPI/WCPI-10:

Water chempollution index

DNS:

Denitrifying sludge

HCH:

Hexachlorocyclohexane

R :

Reagent

RAS:

Recycling of activated sludge

RN:

Recycling of nitrate-containing sludge mixture

PST:

Primary settling tank

PS:

Primary sediment

PW:

Purified water

SS:

Suspended substances

SST:

Secondary settling tank

WAS:

Waste-activated sludge that is extracted from the system to be directed to sludge treatment

WW:

Wastewater delivery

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Safety, Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Vtoraja Krasnoarmejskaja ul. 4, St. Petersburg, 190005, Russia

    Elena Smirnova

  2. Water Consumption and Ecology Department, Faculty of Engineering Ecology and Municipal Facilities, Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Vtoraja Krasnoarmejskaja ul. 4, St. Petersburg, 190005, Russia

    Mikhail Alexeev

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  1. Elena Smirnova
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  2. Mikhail Alexeev
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Correspondence to Mikhail Alexeev.

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Smirnova, E., Alexeev, M. The problem of dephosphorization using waste recycling. Environ Sci Pollut Res 24, 12835–12846 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-8857-0

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