Environmental Science and Pollution Research

, Volume 25, Issue 1, pp 353–362 | Cite as

Amaranth seeds (Amaranthus palmeri L.) as novel feedstock for biodiesel production by oleaginous yeast

  • Farha Deeba
  • Alok Patel
  • Neha Arora
  • Vikas Pruthi
  • Parul A. Pruthi
  • Yuvraj S. Negi
Research Article
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Accepted:

Abstract

The potential of lipid accumulation by oleaginous yeast Cryptococcus vishniaccii grown on amaranth seed aqueous extract (AAE) media was assessed. Maximum cell biomass productivity of 104 mg/L/h, lipid productivity of 54 mg/L/h, and lipid content of 52.31% were recorded on AAE when carbon to nitrogen (C:N) ratio increased from 134 to 147 after removal of ammonia nitrogen. The lipid droplet (LD) size (2.32 ± 0.38 μm) was visualized by fluorescence microscopy using Nile red stain indicating maximum accumulated triacylglycerol (TAG) at C:N 147. Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profile obtained after transesterification of extracted lipid revealed the presence of palmitic acid (16:0), palmitoleic acid (16:1), stearic acid (18:0), oleic acid (18:1), and linoleic acid (18:2). Data showed the presence of high monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) content (68.17%) depicting improved winter operating conditions of biodiesel. Various quality parameters of biodiesel were evaluated and compared to the American and European biodiesel standards specifications. Based on the lipid productivity, distribution of fatty acids, and evaluated properties obtained; the lipid accumulation by C. vishniaccii utilizing amaranth seeds as substrate could serve as a feasible feedstock for biodiesel production.

Keywords

Amaranth seed aqueous extract (AAE) Cryptococcus vishniaccii Nile red Lipid productivity Carbon-to-nitrogen (C:N) ratio Biodiesel 
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Notes

Acknowledgements

This research work was financially supported by the Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD), Government of India.

Supplementary material

11356_2017_444_MOESM1_ESM.docx (56 kb)
Supplementary Fig. S1 FTIR analysis of (a) standard Triolein and (b) the extracted lipid produced from C. vishniaccii on 100% AAE (DOCX 55 kb)

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Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany 2017

Authors and Affiliations

  • Farha Deeba
    • 1
  • Alok Patel
    • 2
  • Neha Arora
    • 2
  • Vikas Pruthi
    • 2
  • Parul A. Pruthi
    • 2
  • Yuvraj S. Negi
    • 1
  1. 1.Department of Polymer and Process EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology RoorkeeSaharanpurIndia
  2. 2.Department of BiotechnologyIndian Institute of Technology RoorkeeRoorkeeIndia

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