Environmental Science and Pollution Research

, Volume 24, Issue 4, pp 3506–3518 | Cite as

Pilot scale nanofiltration treatment of olive mill wastewater: a technical and economical evaluation

  • S. Sanches
  • M. C. Fraga
  • N. A. Silva
  • P. Nunes
  • J. G. Crespo
  • V. J. Pereira
Research Article
First Online:
Received:
Accepted:

Abstract

The treatment of large volumes of olive mill wastewater is presently a challenge. This study reports the technical and economical feasibility of a sequential treatment of olive mill wastewater comprising a dissolved air flotation pre-treatment and nanofiltration. Different pilot nanofiltration assays were conducted in a concentration mode up to different volume reduction factors (29, 45, 58, and 81). Data attained demonstrated that nanofiltration can be operated at considerably high volume reduction factors and still be effective towards the removal of several components. A flux decline of approximately 50% was observed at the highest volume reduction factor, mainly due to increase of the osmotic pressure. Considerably high rejections were obtained across all experiments for total suspended solids (83 to >99%), total organic carbon (64 to 99%), chemical oxygen demand (53 to 77%), and oil and grease (67 to >82%). Treated water was in compliance with European legal limits for discharge regarding total suspended solids and oil and grease. The potential recovery of phenolic compounds was evaluated and found not relevant. It was demonstrated that nanofiltration is economically feasible, involving operation costs of approximately 2.56–3.08 €/m3, depending on the working plan schedule and volume reduction factor, and requiring a footprint of approximately 52 m2 to treat 1000 m3 of olive mill wastewater.

Keywords

Olive mill wastewater Nanofiltration treatment Pilot scale Technical evaluation Economical evaluation 
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Notes

Acknowledgments

Financial support from the EU FP7/SME theme (SME-2013-1) through the project O-WaR (grant agreement no.: 605641), as well as from the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia through the post-doc fellowship SFRH/BPD/94303/2013, is gratefully acknowledged. The iNOVA4Health - UID/Multi/04462/2013, a program financially supported by the Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia/Ministério da Educação e Ciência, through national funds, and co-funded by the FEDER under the PT2020 Partnership Agreement is also acknowledged. This work was also supported by the Associate Laboratory for Green Chemistry LAQV which is financed by national funds from the FCT/MEC (UID/QUI/50006/2013) and co-financed by the ERDF under the PT2020 Partnership Agreement (POCI-01-0145-FEDER - 007265). The authors would also like to acknowledge Renata Tomczak-Wandzel and Charles Otis for providing the pre-treated wastewaters as well as Ana Almeida for analytical support.

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Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2016

Authors and Affiliations

  • S. Sanches
    • 1
  • M. C. Fraga
    • 1
    • 2
  • N. A. Silva
    • 3
  • P. Nunes
    • 3
  • J. G. Crespo
    • 2
  • V. J. Pereira
    • 1
  1. 1.iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e TecnológicaOeirasPortugal
  2. 2.REQUIMTE/Chemistry Department, Faculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaUNLCaparicaPortugal
  3. 3.Adventech – Centro Empresarial e TecnológicoSão João da MadeiraPortugal

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