Environmental Science and Pollution Research

, Volume 23, Issue 18, pp 17982–17994 | Cite as

Solar-driven photocatalytic treatment of diclofenac using immobilized TiO2-based zeolite composites

  • Marin Kovacic
  • Subhan Salaeh
  • Hrvoje Kusic
  • Andraz Suligoj
  • Marko Kete
  • Mattia Fanetti
  • Urska Lavrencic Stangar
  • Dionysios D. Dionysiou
  • Ana Loncaric Bozic
Research Article
First Online:
Received:
Accepted:

Abstract

The study is aimed at evaluating the potential of immobilized TiO2-based zeolite composite for solar-driven photocatalytic water treatment. In that purpose, TiO2-iron-exchanged zeolite (FeZ) composite was prepared using commercial Aeroxide TiO2 P25 and iron-exchanged zeolite of ZSM5 type, FeZ. The activity of TiO2-FeZ, immobilized on glass support, was evaluated under solar irradiation for removal of diclofenac (DCF) in water. TiO2-FeZ immobilized in a form of thin film was characterized for its morphology, structure, and composition using scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX). Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) was used to determine potential changes in band gaps of prepared TiO2-FeZ in comparison to pure TiO2. The influence of pH, concentration of hydrogen peroxide, FeZ wt% within the composite, and photocatalyst dosage on DCF removal and conversion efficiency by solar/TiO2-FeZ/H2O2 process was investigated. TiO2-FeZ demonstrated higher photocatalytic activity than pure TiO2 under solar irradiation in acidic conditions and presence of H2O2.

Keywords

Photocatalysis Thin films TiO2-FeZ Solar irradiation Diclofenac Water treatment 
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Notes

Acknowledgement

We acknowledge the financial support from the Croatian Science Foundation (Project UIP-11-2013-7900; Environmental Implications of the Application of Nanomaterials in Water Purification Technologies (NanoWaP)). We acknowledge Dr. Ivana Steinberg for providing the laboratory equipment for spin coating. We acknowledge Dr. Davor Ljubas, Dr. Damir Dovic, and Alan Rodic, all from the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Zagreb, Croatia, for their contribution in light intensity measurements.

Supplementary material

11356_2016_6985_MOESM1_ESM.doc (8.9 mb)
ESM 1 Supplementary Material (DOC 9085 kb)

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Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2016

Authors and Affiliations

  • Marin Kovacic
    • 1
  • Subhan Salaeh
    • 1
  • Hrvoje Kusic
    • 1
  • Andraz Suligoj
    • 2
    • 3
  • Marko Kete
    • 2
  • Mattia Fanetti
    • 4
  • Urska Lavrencic Stangar
    • 2
  • Dionysios D. Dionysiou
    • 5
  • Ana Loncaric Bozic
    • 1
  1. 1.Faculty of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of ZagrebZagrebCroatia
  2. 2.Laboratory for Environmental ResearchUniversity of Nova GoricaNova GoricaSlovenia
  3. 3.Laboratory for Inorganic Chemistry and TechnologyNational Institute of ChemistryLjubljanaSlovenia
  4. 4.Materials Research LaboratoryUniversity of Nova GoricaAjdovscinaSlovenia
  5. 5.Environmental Engineering and Science ProgramUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiUSA

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