Experimental Mechanics

, Volume 50, Issue 5, pp 651–659 | Cite as

Elastic Deformation of Materials under Distributed Shear Loading

  • X. J. Ren
  • C. W. Smith
  • K. E. Evans
  • P. J. Dooling
  • A. Burgess
  • J. Wiechers
  • N. Zahlan
Article
  • 141 Downloads

Abstract

In this work, the deformation of material under localised tangential loading has been investigated. An analytical expression to predict deformation and strain patterns under tangential loading over a rectangular patch on a surface is validated against experiential tests using surface displacement measurement and finite element modelling. The predicted force- displacement data and displacement/strain patterns show close agreement with experimental results a rubber test material and FE results. The ranges of specimen geometries that minimise the boundary effects have been determined.

Keywords

Surface displacement analysis Deformation Analytical FE modelling 

Notes

Acknowledgement

The study was supported by an ICI and Uniqema SRF grant. X.J. REN would like to express his gratitude to Dr. Greg Dean (National Physical Laboratory, UK) for discussion on the set-up of the experimental work.

References

  1. 1.
    Serup SJ, Jemec GBE (1995) Handbook of Non-invasive methods and the skin. CRS, FloridaGoogle Scholar
  2. 2.
    Piérard GE (1999) EEMCO guidance to the in vivo assessment of tensile functional properties of the skin. Skin Pharmacol Appl Skin Physiol 12:52–67Google Scholar
  3. 3.
    Vescovo P, Varchon D, Humbert P (2002) In vivo tensile tests on human skin: the extensometers. In: Elsner P, Berardesca E, Wilhelm KP, Maibach HI (eds) Bioengineering of the skin: skin biomechanics. CRS Press LLC, LondonGoogle Scholar
  4. 4.
    Ren XJ, Smith CW, Evans KE, Dooling PJ, Burgess A, Wiechers JW, Zahlan N (2005) Experimental testing and numerical modelling of human skin. Int. Foundation of Society of Cosmetic Chemists 8:95–98 IFSCCGoogle Scholar
  5. 5.
    Goodyer EN, Muller F, Bramer B, Chauhan D, Hess M (2006) In vivo measurement of the elastic properties of the human vocal fold. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 263:445–462. doi: 10.1007/s00405-005-1034-y CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  6. 6.
    Clark JA, Cheng JCY, Leung KS (1996) Mechanical properties of normal skin and hypertrophic scars. Burns 22:443–446. doi: 10.1016/0305-4179(96)00038-1 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  7. 7.
    Johnson KL (1985) Contact mechanics. Cambridge University press, CambridgeMATHGoogle Scholar
  8. 8.
    Timoshenko SP, Goodier JN (1970) Theory of elasticity, 3rd edn. McGraw-Hill Book Company, LondonMATHGoogle Scholar
  9. 9.
    Ren XJ, Smith CW, Evans KE, Dooling PJ, Burgess A, Wiechers JW, Zahlan N (2006) Experimental and numerical investigations of the deformation of soft materials under tangential loading. Int J Solids Struct 43:2364–2377. doi: 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2005.07.013 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  10. 10.
    Smith CW, Wooton RJ, Evans KE (1999) Interpretation of experimental data for Poisson’s ratio highly non-linear materials. Exp Mech 39:356–362. doi: 10.1007/BF02329817 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  11. 11.
    Petras A, Sutcliffe MPF (1999) Indentation resistance of sandwich beams. Compos Struct 46:413–424. doi: 10.1016/S0263-8223(99)00109-9 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  12. 12.
    Hill R (1950) A theoretical investigation of the effect of specimen size in the measurement of hardness. Phil Mag 41:745–749Google Scholar

Copyright information

© Society for Experimental Mechanics 2009

Authors and Affiliations

  • X. J. Ren
    • 1
  • C. W. Smith
    • 2
  • K. E. Evans
    • 2
  • P. J. Dooling
    • 3
  • A. Burgess
    • 3
  • J. Wiechers
    • 4
  • N. Zahlan
    • 3
  1. 1.School of EngineeringLiverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpoolUK
  2. 2.School of Engineering, Computing and MathematicsUniversity of ExeterExeterUK
  3. 3.AkzoNobelWiltonUK
  4. 4.JW SolutionsGoudaThe Netherlands

Personalised recommendations