Virus Genes

, Volume 53, Issue 5, pp 707–713 | Cite as

Next-generation AAV vectors for clinical use: an ever-accelerating race

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Abstract

During the past five decades, it has become evident that Adeno-associated virus (AAV) represents one of the most potent, most versatile, and thus most auspicious platforms available for gene delivery into cells, animals and, ultimately, humans. Particularly attractive is the ease with which the viral capsid—the major determinant of virus–host interaction including cell specificity and antibody recognition—can be modified and optimized at will. This has motivated countless researchers to develop high-throughput technologies in which genetically engineered AAV capsid libraries are subjected to a vastly hastened emulation of natural evolution, with the aim to enrich novel synthetic AAV capsids displaying superior features for clinical application. While the power and potential of these forward genetics approaches is undisputed, they are also inherently challenging as success depends on a combination of library quality, fidelity, and complexity. Here, we will describe and discuss two original, very exciting strategies that have emerged over the last three years and that promise to alleviate at least some of these concerns, namely, (i) a reverse genetics approach termed “ancestral AAV sequence reconstruction,” and (ii) AAV genome barcoding as a technology that can advance both, forward and reverse genetics stratagems. Notably, despite the conceptual differences of these two technologies, they pursue the same goal which is tailored acceleration of AAV evolution and thus winning the race for the next-generation AAV vectors for clinical use.

Keywords

AAV, Adeno-associated virus(es) Gene therapy Viral vector(s) Molecular evolution Ancestral sequence reconstruction DNA barcoding High-throughput Capsid selection 
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Notes

Compliance with ethical standards

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

No research on animals or humans was performed.

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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2017

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Department of Infectious Diseases/Virology, Cluster of Excellence CellNetworksHeidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany
  2. 2.BioQuant, University of HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany
  3. 3.German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site HeidelbergBraunschweigGermany

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