Tropical Animal Health and Production

, Volume 48, Issue 5, pp 1083–1087 | Cite as

First results on small ruminant brucellosis and tuberculosis and caprine arthritis-encephalitis in El Salvador

  • Kristina Linderot de Cardona
  • Abelardo De Gracia Scanapieco
  • Peggy G. Braun
Short Communications
First Online:
Received:
Accepted:

Abstract

This paper reports a first-time study performed in El Salvador on the presence or absence of antibodies to three important animal diseases in small ruminants. The work was conducted in the west and central departments of the country, selecting 42 and 43 cantons with an existing sheep and goat population, respectively. Serum samples were collected from 396 sheep and 335 goats and tested for seropositivity to Brucella (B.) spp. The specimens from goats were also tested for antibodies to caprine arthritis-encephalitis (CAE) virus. Four (1 %) sheep and none of the goats were seropositive by Rose Bengal test. All animals were negative by indirect ELISA (iELISA) for B. abortus. All animals were negative by iELISA for CAE. A total of 383 sheep and 330 goats underwent the single intradermal cervical tuberculin (SICT) test for tuberculosis. Seventy (18 %) sheep and 43 (13 %) goats reacted to the SICT test. Those reactors were subjected to the single intradermal comparative cervical tuberculin (SICCT) test, and one (0.3 %) goat was deemed to be a positive reactor. No mycobacteria were diagnosed in concluding analyses, and further studies are considered necessary to determine the prevalence of the investigated diseases. Additionally, it is recommended that small ruminants should be included in the national eradication program on bovine brucellosis and tuberculosis to prevent potential reservoirs.

Keywords

Brucellosis Caprine arthritis-encephalitis El Salvador Small ruminants Tuberculosis 
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Notes

Acknowledgments

This work was financially and technically supported by OIRSA. The authors would like to thank the technical staff and the Central Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnostics, Salvadorian Ministry of Agriculture, for the assistance of the field work and diagnostics. They thank also the Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnostics and Investigation, Panamanian Ministry of Agriculture, and the Institute of Scientific Research and High Technology Services INDICASAT-Panama AIP for their contribution in further diagnostics. Thanks are also expressed to C. Zepeda and E. Bravo for help with statistics.

Compliance with ethical standards

Ethical approval

For this type of study, a formal consent is not required. All applicable international and national guidelines for the care and use of animals where followed. Persons gave their informed consent prior to inclusion in the study.

Conflict of interest

None of the authors of this paper has a financial or personal relationship with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence or bias the content of the paper.

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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2016

Authors and Affiliations

  • Kristina Linderot de Cardona
    • 1
    • 2
  • Abelardo De Gracia Scanapieco
    • 1
    • 3
  • Peggy G. Braun
    • 2
  1. 1.Organismo Internacional Regional de Sanidad Agropecuaria (OIRSA)San SalvadorEl Salvador
  2. 2.Institute of Food Hygiene, Center of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversität Leipzig LeipzigGermany
  3. 3.OIRSA Representation in PanamaPanama CityPanama

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