Evaluation of genetic variability and mutation drift equilibrium of Banni buffalo using multi locus microsatellite markers

  • B. P. Mishra
  • R. S. Kataria
  • P. Kathiravan
  • S. S. Bulandi
  • K. P. Singh
  • D. K. Sadana
Original Paper
First Online:
Received:
Accepted:

Abstract

The present study was conducted to evaluate genetic diversity of Banni buffalo and its relationship/differentiation with Murrah using genotypic data on 24 heterologus bovine specific microsatellite marker loci. A total of 138 alleles were observed with a mean of 5.75 alleles/locus across two populations. The mean observed and expected heterozygosities were found to be 0.441 and 0.572 respectively in Banni buffaloes while it was 0.464 and 0.610 respectively in Murrah buffaloes. The average heterozygosity deficit was significantly positive with substantially higher values observed in Banni (22.3%) and Murrah (24%) buffalo populations. Banni buffalo population, when evaluated for mutation drift equilibrium revealed significant heterozygosity excess under IAM while no such excess was observed under SMM and TPM. The qualitative graphical test revealed a normal L-shaped distribution of allele frequencies indicating the absence of genetic bottleneck in Banni buffaloes. The mean estimates of F-statistics over all the loci were 0.376 for FIT, 0.187 for FST and 0.232 for FIS respectively. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed 18.95% of the total variation being explained by between breed differences while 14.36% of the variation explained differences between individuals within each breed. Genotype assignment test revealed distinct clustering of Banni and Murrah buffaloes. Genetic distance was estimated using three different methods, the results of which revealed considerable genetic differentiation between these two buffalo populations. The divergence time between Banni and Murrah buffaloes was estimated to be around 7286 years. The results of the present study may be helpful in decision making for conservation programs as Banni buffalo population is on decline.

Keywords

Banni buffalo Microsatellite markers Genetic distance AMOVA Genotype assignment 
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Notes

Acknowledgement

We thank the Director, NBAGR, Karnal for providing all necessary facilities in carrying out the present study. Thanks are due to Sh. Naresh Kumar Yadav for technical assistance.

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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2009

Authors and Affiliations

  • B. P. Mishra
    • 1
  • R. S. Kataria
    • 1
  • P. Kathiravan
    • 1
  • S. S. Bulandi
    • 1
  • K. P. Singh
    • 2
  • D. K. Sadana
    • 1
  1. 1.National Bureau of Animal Genetic ResourcesHaryanaIndia
  2. 2.Department of Animal Genetics and BreedingCollege of Veterinary and Animal Husbandry, SDAUGujaratIndia

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