Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis

, Volume 19, Issue 2, pp 135–137 | Cite as

The Importance of Factor Xa Regulatory Pathways in Vascular Thromboresistance: Focus on Protein Z

  • Richard C. Becker
Article

Key Words

protein Z thrombosis 

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. 1.
    Hoffman M, Monroe DM 3rd. A cell-based model of hemostasis. Thromb Haemost 2001;85:958–965.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  2. 2.
    Herbert J, Bono F, Herault J, et al. Effector protease receptor 1 mediates the mitogenic activity of factor Xa for vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro and in vivo. J Clin Invest 1998;101:993–1000.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  3. 3.
    Damiano BP, D’Andrea MR, de Garavilla L, Cheung WM, Andrade-Gordon P. Increased expression of protease activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) in balloon-injured rat carotid artery. Thromb Haemost 1999;81:808– 814.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  4. 4.
    Bretschneider E, Braun M, Fischer A, Wittpoth M, Glusa E, Schror K. Factor Xa acts as a PDGF-independent mitogen in human vascular smooth muscle cells. Thromb Haemost 2000;84:499–505.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  5. 5.
    Han X, Fiehler R, Broze GJ Jr. Characterization of the protein Z-dependent protease inhibitor. Blood 2000;96:3049–3055.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  6. 6.
    Tabatabai A, Fiehler R, Broze GJ Jr. Protein Z circulates in plasma in a complex with protein Z-dependent protease inhibitor. Thromb Haemost 2001;85:655–660.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  7. 7.
    Zhang J, Broze GJ Jr. Mouse protein Z-dependent protease inhibitor cDNA. Thromb Haemost 2001;85:861–865.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  8. 8.
    Yin ZF, Huang ZF, Cui J, Fiehler R, Lasky N, Ginsburg D, Broze GJ Jr. Prothrombotic phenotype of protein Z deficiency. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2000;97:6734–6738.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  9. 9.
    Kemkes-Matthes B, Nees M, Kuhnel G, Matzdorff A, Matthes KJ. Protein Z influences the prothrombotic phenotype in Factor V Leiden patients. Thromb Res 2002;106:183–185.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  10. 10.
    Forastiero RR, Martinuzzo ME, Lu L, Broze GJ Jr. Autoimmune antiphospholipid antibodies impari the inhibition of activated factor X by protein Z/protein Z-dependent protease inhibitor. J Thromb Haemost 2003;1:1764–1770.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  11. 11.
    Fedi S, Sofi F, Brogi D, Tellini I, Cesari F, Sestini I, Gazzini A, Comeglio M, Abbate R, Gensini GF. Low protein Z plasma levels are independently associated with acute coronary syndromes. Thromb Haemost 2003;90:1173–1178.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  12. 12.
    McQuillan AM, Eikelboom JW, Hankey GJ, et al. Protein Z in ischemic stroke and its etiologic subtypes. Stroke 2003;34:2415–2419.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  13. 13.
    Lichy C, Kropp S, Dong-Si T, et al. A common polymorphism of the protein Z gene is associated with protein Z plasma levels and with risk of cerebral ischemia in the young. Stroke 2004;35:40–45.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  14. 14.
    Heeb MJ, Paganini-Hill A, Griffin JH, Fisher M. Low protein Z levels and risk of ischemic stroke: Differences by diabetic status and gender. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2002;29:139–144.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  15. 15.
    Gris JC, Quere I, Dechaud H, et al. High frequency of protein Z deficiency in patients with unexplained early fetal loss. Blood 2002;99:2606–2608.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  16. 16.
    Gris JC, Amadio C, Mercier E, et al. Anti-protein Z antibodies in women with pathologic pregnancies. Blood 2003;101:4850–4852.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar

Copyright information

© Springer Science + Business Media, Inc. 2005

Authors and Affiliations

  • Richard C. Becker
    • 1
  1. 1.Duke Cardiovascular Thrombosis CenterDuke University Medical Center, Duke Clinical Research InstituteDurham

Personalised recommendations