Realism, inferential semantics, and the truth norm
- 91 Downloads
Abstract
Characteristic of neo-pragmatism is a commitment to deflationism about semantic properties, and inferentialism about conceptual content. It is usually thought that deflationism undermines the distinction between realistic discourses and others, and that the neo-pragmatists, unlike the classical pragmatists, cannot recognize that truth is a norm of belief and inquiry. I argue, however, that (1) the distinction between realistic discourses and others can be maintained even in the face of a commitment to deflationism, and (2) that deflationists can recognize that truth is a norm of belief and inquiry. If deflationism is true, realistic discourses, it turns out, are those that are inferentially integrated with a large body of other commitments, whereas those that call for an anti-realist treatment are inferentially isolated. Now, Grimm has persuasively argued that inquiry aims at achieving understanding, and that to understand something is, roughly, to grasp a large body of inferential connections in which it features. So, if he is right, realistic discourses are those in which the aim of inquiry can be achieved. This fact, together with an inferential theory of conceptual content, will, I argue, allow neo-pragmatists to recognize truth as a norm of belief and inquiry, despite their commitment to deflationism.
Keywords
Deflationism Pragmatism Inferentialism Understanding Realism TruthReferences
- Ayer, A. J. (1950). Language, truth and logic. London: Victor Gollancz Ltd.Google Scholar
- Baker, L. R. (2013). Naturalism and the first-person perspective. Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Boghossian, P. (1990). The status of content. The Philosophical Review, 99, 157–184.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Brandom, R. (2000). Articulating reasons: An introduction to inferentialism. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
- Brandom, R. (2002). Expressive vs. explanatory deflationism about truth. In R. Schantz (Ed.), What is truth? (pp. 103–119). Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.Google Scholar
- Brandom, R. (2007). Inferentialism and some of its challenges. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, 76, 651–676.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Dewey, J. (1958). Experience and nature. New York: Dover Publications.Google Scholar
- Elgin, C. (2009). Is understanding factive? In A. Haddock, A. Miller, & D. Pritchard (Eds.), Epistemic value (pp. 322–330). New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
- Fine, A. (1984). The natural ontological attitude. In J. Leplin (Ed.), Scientific Realism (pp. 103–133). Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
- Foley, R. (2013). When is true belief knowledge?. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
- Grimm, S. R. (2001). Ernest Sosa, understanding and knowledge. Philosophical Studies, 106, 171–191.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Grimm, S. R. (2006). Is understanding a species of knowledge? British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 57, 515–535.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Grimm, S. R. (2008). Explanatory inquiry and the need for explanation. British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 59, 481–497.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Grimm, S. R. (2010). The goal of explanation. Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science, 41, 337–344.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Grover, D. L., Camp, J. L., & Belnap, N. D. (1975). A prosentential theory of truth. Philosophical Studies, 27, 73–125.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- James, W. (1959). Pragmatism, and four essays on the nature of truth. New York: Meridian Books.Google Scholar
- Kukla, R., & Winsberg, E. (2015). Deflationism, pragmatism, and metaphysics. In S. Gross, N. Tebben, & M. Williams (Eds.), Meaning without representation: Essays on truth, expression, normativity, and naturalism (pp. 25–46). Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Kvanvig, J. (2003). The value of knowledge and the pursuit of understanding. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Lynch, M. P. (2004). Minimalism and the value of truth. Philosophical Quarterly, 54, 497–517.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Lynch, M. P. (2009). Truth as one and as many. Oxford: Clarendon.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Lynch, M. P. (2015). Pragmatism and the price of truth. In S. Gross, N. Tebben, & M. Williams (Eds.), Meaning without representation: Essays on truth, expression, normativity, and naturalism (pp. 245–261). Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Mackie, J. L. (1977). Ethics: Inventing right and wrong. London: Penguin Books.Google Scholar
- Misak, C. (2013). The American pragmatists. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
- Misak, C. (2015). Pragmatism and the function of truth. In S. Gross, N. Tebben, & M. Williams (Eds.), Meaning without representation: Essays on truth, expression, normativity, and naturalism (pp. 262–278). Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Moore, G. E. (2000). Principia ethica. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
- Peirce, C. S. (1877). The fixation of belief. Popular science monthly, 12, 1–15. Rept. In J. Bucher (Ed.) 1955. The philosophical writings of Peirce (pp. 5–22). New York: Dover. References are to the reprinted version.Google Scholar
- Peirce, C. S. (1878). How to make our ideas clear. Popular Science Monthly, 12, 286–302. Rept. in J. Bucher (Ed.) 1955. The philosophical writings of Peirce (pp. 23–41) New York: Dover. References are to the reprinted version.Google Scholar
- Peirce, C. S. (1905). What pragmatism is. The Monist, 15, 161–181.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Price, H. (2004). Naturalism without representationalism. In M. de Caro & D. Macarthur (Eds.), Naturalism in question (pp. 71–88). Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
- Price, H. (2010). One cheer for representionalism?. In R. Auxier (Ed.), The philosophy of Richard Rorty (Library of Living Philosophers Vol. XXXII, pp. 269–289) La Salle, IL: Open Court. Rept. in H. Price 2011. Naturalism without mirrors (pp. 304–322) Oxford: Oxford University Press. References are to the reprinted version.Google Scholar
- Price, H., Blackburn, S., Brandom, R., Horwich, P., & Williams, M. (2013). Expressivism, pragmatism and representationalism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Putnam, H. (1983). Why there isn’t a ready-made world. In H. Putnam (Ed.), Realism and reason (pp. 205–228). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Quine, W. V. (1951). Two dogmas of empiricism. The Philosophical Review, 60, 20–43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Rorty, R. (1979). Philosophy and the mirror of nature. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
- Rorty, R. (2004). A pragmatist view of contemporary analytic philosophy. In W. Egginton and M. Sandbothe (Eds.) The pragmatic turn in philosophy: Contemporary engagements between analytic and continental thought (pp. 131–144) Albany: State University of New York Press. Rept. In R. Rorty Philosophy as cultural politics: Philosophical papers (Vol 4, pp. 133–146) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. References are to the reprinted version.Google Scholar
- Sellars, W. (1954). Some reflections on language games. Philosophy of Science, 21, 204–228.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Sellars, W. (1997). Empiricism and the philosophy of mind. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
- Tebben, N. (2016). Belief isn’t voluntary, but commitment is. Synthese,. doi: 10.1007/s11229-016-1258-y.Google Scholar
- Williams, M. (2013). How pragmatists can be local expressivists. In H. Price, et al. (Eds.), Expressivism, pragmatism and representationalism (pp. 128–144). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Wright, C. (1992). Truth and objectivity. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar