Synthesis and characterization of functionalized ferrocenylsilanes bearing a bulky substituent

Abstract

Several types of overcrowded ferrocenylsilanes, Tbt(Fc)SiX2(Tbt=2, 4, 6-tris[bis(trimethylsilyl)methyl]phenyl, Fc=ferrocenyl, X = H, OH, and Br) were synthesized and characterized. In addition, DFT calculations for ferrocenylsilanediol systems indicated the existence of the intramolecular hydrogen bonding between the Fe atom and H–O moiety in Tbt(Fc)Si(OH)2.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.

References

  1. (a) Sharma, H.K., Vincenti, S.P., Vicari, R., Cervantes, F. & Pannell, K.H. 1990 Organometallics 9, 2109–2116. (b) Dement’ev, V.V., Cervantes-Lee, F., Parkanyi, L., Sharma, H., Pannell, K.H., Nguyen, M.T. & Diaz, A. 1993 Organometallics 12, 1983–1987. (c) Pannell, K.H., Dement’ev, V.V., Li, H., Cervantes-Lee, F., Nguyen, M.T. & Diaz, A.F. 1994 Organometallics 13, 3644–3650. (d) Pannell, K.H., Wang, F., Sharma, H.K. & Cervantes-Lee, F. 2000 Polyhedron 19, 291–295. (e) Sharma, H.K., Pannell, K.H., Ledoux, I., Zyss, J., Ceccanti, A. & Zanello, P. 2000 Organometallics 19, 770–774.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. (a) Hoh, G.L., Kleinberg, J. & McEwen, W.E. 1961 J. Chem. Soc. 83, 3949–3953. (b) Cerveau, G., Chuit, C., Colomer, E., Corriu, R.J.P. & Reye, C. 1990 Organometallics 9, 2415–2417. (c) Guillaneux, D. & Kagan, H.B. 1995 J. Org. Chem. 60, 2502–2505. (d) Lu, S.X., Strelets, V.V., Ryan, M.F., Pietro, W.J. & Lever, A.B.P. 1996 Inorganic Chemistry 35, 1013–1023. (e) Jain, R., Choi, H., Lalancette, R.A. & Sheridan, J.B. 2005 Organometallics 24, 1468–1476. (f) Jain, R., Lalancette, R.A. & Sheridan, J.B. 2005 Organometallics 24, 1458–1467. (g) Jones, S.C., Barlow, S. & O’Hare, D. 2005 Chem. Eur. J. 11, 4473–4481. (h) Duffy, N.W., Robinson, B.H. & Simpson, J. 1999 J. Organomet. Chem. 573, 36–46.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. (a) MacLachlan, M.J., Lough, A.J., Geiger, W.E. & Manners, I. 1998 Organometallics 17, 1873–1883. (b) Manners, I. 1998 Can. J. Chem. 76, 371–381. (c) Nguyen, P., Gomez-Elipe, P. & Manners, I. 1999 Chem. Rev. 99, 1515–1548. (d) MacLachlan, M.J., Zheng, J., Thieme, K., Lough, A.J., Manners, I., Mordas, C., LeSuer, R., Geiger, W.E., Liable-Sands, L.M. & Rheingold, A.L. 2000 Polyhedron 19, 275–289. (e) Kulbaba, K. & Manners, I. 2001 Macromol. Rapid Commun. 22, 711–724. (f) Hatanaka, Y., Okada, S., Minami, T., Goto, M. & Shimada, K. 2005 Organometallics 24, 1053–1055. (g) Roerdink, M., Hempenius, M.A. & Vancso, G.J. 2005 Chem. Mater. 17, 1275–1278.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. (a) MacLachlan, M.J., Zheng, J., Lough, A.J., Manners, I., Mordas, C., LeSuer, R., Geiger, W.E., Liable-Sands, L.M. & Rheingold, A.L. 1999 Organometallics 18, 1337–1345. (b) MacLachlan, M.J., Ginzburg, M., Zheng, J., Knöll, O., Lough, A.J. & Manners, I. 1998 New. J. Chem. 1409–1415. (c) Reyes-Garcia, E.A., Cervantes-Lee, F. & Pannell, K.H. 2001 Organometallics 20, 4734–4740.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. (a) Suzuki, H., Tokitoh, N. & Okazaki, R. 1994 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 116, 11572–11573. (b) Suzuki, H., Tokitoh, N. & Okazaki, R. 1995 Organometallics 14, 1016–1022. (c) Suzuki, H., Tokitoh, N. & Okazaki, R. 1995 Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 68, 2471–2481. (d) Takeda, N., Suzuki, H., Tokitoh, N. & Okazaki, R. 1997 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 119, 1456–1457. (e) Tokitoh, N., Suzuki, H. & Okazaki, R. 1993 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 115, 10428–10429. (f) Takeda, N., Kajiwara, T. & Tokitoh, N. 2001 Chem. Lett. 30, 1076–1077. (g) Tokitoh, N. & Okazaki, R. 2001 Adv. Organomet. Chem. 47, 121–166. (h) Tokitoh, N. 2004 Acc. Chem. Res. 37, 86–94. (i) Kajiwara, T., Takeda, N., Sasamori, T. & Tokitoh, N. 2004 Organometallics 23, 4723–4734. (j) Kajiwara, T., Takeda, N., Sasamori, T. & Tokitoh, N. 2004 Chem. Commun. 2218–2219. (k) Okazaki, R. & Tokitoh, N. 2000 Acc. Chem. Res. 33, 625–630. (l) Wakita, K., Tokitoh, N., Okazaki, R. & Nagase, S. 2000 Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 39, 634–635. (m) Takeda, N., Kajiwara, T., Suzuki, H., Okazaki, R. & Tokitoh, N. 2003 Chem. Eur. J. 9, 3530–3543. (n) Tajima, T., Hatano, K., Sasaki, T., Sasamori, T., Takeda, N., Tokitoh, N., Takagi, N. & Nagase, S. 2003 J. Organomet. Chem. 686, 118–126. (o) Shinohara, A., Takeda, N. & Tokitoh, N. 2003 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 125, 10804–10805. (p) Tokitoh, N., Sadahiro, T., Hatano, K., Sasaki, T., Takeda, N. & Okazaki, R. 2002 Chem. Lett. 34–35. (q) Shinohara, A., Takeda, N., Sasamori, T., Matsumoto, T. & Tokitoh, N. 2005 Organometallics 24, 6141–6146. (r) Shinohara, A., Takeda, N., Sasamori, T. & Tokitoh, N. 2005 Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 78, 977–987. (s) Tokitoh, N. 2004 Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 77, 429–441.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Blinka, T.A., Helmer, B.J. & West, R. {1984} Adv. Organomet. Chem. 23, {193}–{217}.

    CAS  Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Crystal data for 1 (${\rm C}_{37}{\rm H}_{70}{\rm FeSi}_7$): $M = 767.41$, $T = 103(2)$ K, triclinic, P$-$1(no. 2), $a = 11.123(5)$ \AA, $b = 13.400(6)$ \AA, $c = 14.992(6)$ \AA, $\alpha = 92.294(8)^\circ$, $\beta = 91.099(8)^\circ$, $\gamma = 91.251(7)^\circ$, $V = 2231.8(17)$ \AA$^3$, $Z = 2$, $D_{\rm calc} = 1.142$\,g\,cm$^{-3}$, $\mu = 0.549$\,mm$-$1, $\lambda = 0.71070$\,\AA, $2\theta_{\rm max} = 50.0$, 14721 measured reflections, 7632 independent reflections ($R_{\rm int} = 0.0196$), 424 refined parameters, GOF $=$ 1.239, $R_1 = 0.0696$ and $wR_2 = 0.1609$ [$I>2\sigma(I)$], $R_1 = 0.0730$ and $wR_2 = 0.1622$ [for all data], largest diff. peak and hole 0.888 and $-$0.493\,e\AA$^{-3}$. Crystal data for 2 (${\rm C}_{37}{\rm H}_{70}{\rm FeO}_2{\rm Si}_7$): M $=$ 799.41, T $=$ 103(2) K, triclinic, P$-$1(no. 2), $a = 11.1335(4)$ \AA, b $=$ 13.3831(6) \AA, c $=$ 15.2030(7) \AA, $\alpha$ $=$ 92.103(2)$^{\circ}$, $\beta$ $=$ 91.4743(15)$^{\circ}$, $\gamma$ $=$ 90.7998(16)$^{\circ}$, V $=$ 2262.73(17) \AA$_3$, Z $=$ 2, D$_{\rm calc}$ $=$ 1.173\,g\,cm$^{-3}$, $\mu$ $=$ 0.547 mm$-$1, $\lambda$ $=$ 0.71070 \AA, 2$\theta_{\rm max}$ $=$ 50.0, 19555 Measured reflections, 7801 independent reflections (${R_{\rm int}} = 0.1367$), 444 refined parameters, GOF $=$ 1.067, R$_1 =$ 0.0696 and w R$_2$ $=$ 0.1622 [$I>2\sigma(I)$], R$_1 =$ 0.1031 and w R$_2 =$ 0.1746 [for all data], largest diff. peak and hole 1.090 and $-$0.384\,e\AA$^{-3}$. Crystal data for [3$\cdot$0.5benzene] (${\rm C}_{40}{\rm H}_{71}{\rm Br}_2{\rm FeSi}_7$): M $=$ 964.27, T $=$ 103(2) K, triclinic, P$-$1(no. 2), a $=$ 11.0976(2) \AA, b $=$ 12.8543(2) \AA, c $=$ 17.5022(3) \AA, $\alpha$ $=$ 97.2351(8)$^{\circ}$, $\beta$ $=$ 91.7973(10)$^{\circ}$, $\gamma$ $=$ 99.0209(9)$^{\circ}$, V $=$ 2442.88(7) \AA$^3$, Z $=$ 2, D$_{\rm calc}$ $=$ 1.311 g\,cm$^{-3}$, $\mu$ $=$ 2.142\,mm$-$1, $\lambda$ $=$ 0.71070 \AA, 2$\theta_{\max} = 0 . 0 5$, 20311 measured reflections, 8539 independent reflections (R$_{\rm int}= 0.0179$), 469 refined parameters, GOF $=$ 1.073, R$_1$ $=$ 0.0290 and w R$_2$ $=$ 0.0758 [$I>2\sigma(I)$], R$_1$ $=$ 0.0320 and w R$_2$ $=$ 0.0772 [for all data], largest diff. peak and hole 1.199 and $-0.569$\,e\AA$^{-3}$. Crystallographic data (excluding structure factors) for the structure reported in this paper have been deposited with the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre as supplementary publication nos. CCDC 604438 (for 1), 604439 (for 2), and 604440 (for 3). Copies of the data can be obtained free of charge on application to CCDC, 12 Union Road, Cambridge CB21EZ, UK (fax: (+44)1223–336–033; E-mail: deposit@ccdc.cam.ac.uk.).

  8. The reactivity of the newly obtained ferrocenylsilanes, 13, will be reported elsewhere.

  9. Lickiss, P.D. & Lucas, R. {1996} J. Organomet. Chem. 521, {229}–{234}.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Vrĉek, V. & Bü}hl, M. {2006} Organometallics 25, {358}–{367}.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. (a) Trifan, D.S. & Bacskai, R. 1960 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 82, 5010–5011. (b) Baker, A.W. & Bublitz, D.E. 1966 Spectrochim. Acta 22, 1787–1799. (c) Shubina, E.S., Epstein, L.M., Timofeeva, T.V., Struchkov, Y.T., Kreindlin, A.Z., Fadeeva, S.S. & Rybinskaya, M.I. 1988 J. Organomet. Chem. 346, 59–66. (d) Shubina, Y.S. & Epstein, L.M. 1992 J. Mol. Struct. 265, 367–384.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Calculated at B3LYP/ 6–31G(d) level. The vibrational frequencies are scaled by 0.96.

  13. Deck, P.A., Cheng, X., Stoebenau, E.J., Slebodnick, C., Billodeaux}, D.R. & Fronczek, F.R. {2000} Organometallics 19, {5404}–{5409}.{}

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Calculated at B3LYP 6–311$+$G(2d) for Si, 6–31$+$G(d) for C, H, Br, TZV for Fe. For the basis sets for Fe, see Ahlrichs, R. & May, K. 2000 Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2, 943–945.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Pangborn, A.B., Giardello, M.A., Grubbs, R.H., Rosen, R.K. & Timmers, F.J. {1996} Organometallics 15, {1518}–{1520}.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Altomare, A., Burla, M., Camalli, M., Cascarano, G., Giacovazzo}, C., Guagliardi, A., Moliterni, A., Polidori, G. & Spagna, R. {1999} J. Appl. Cryst. 32, {115}–{119.}

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Sheldrick, G.M. {1997} SHELX-97, Program for the Refinement of Crystal Structures. {Germany}: {University of Göttingen}.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Frisch, M.J., Trucks, G.W., Schlegel, H.B., Scuseria, G.E., Robb, M.A., Cheeseman, J.R., Zakrzewski, V.G., J.A. Montgomery}, J., Stratmann, R.E., Burant, J.C., Dapprich, S., Millam, J.M., Daniels, A.D., Kudin, K.N., Strain, M.C., Farkas, O., Tomasi, J., Barone, V., Cossi, M., Cammi, R., Mennucci, B., Pomelli, C., Adamo, C., Clifford, S., Ochterski, J., Petersson, G.A., Ayala, P.Y., Cui, Q., Morokuma, K., Salvador, P., Dannenberg, J.J., Malick, D.K., Rabuck, A.D., Raghavachari, K., Foresman, J.B., Cioslowski, J., Ortiz, J.V., Baboul, A.G., Stefanov, B.B., Liu, G., Liashenko, A., Piskorz, P., Komaromi, I., Gomperts, R., Martin, R.L., Fox, D.J., Keith, T., Al-Laham, M.A., Peng, C.Y., Nanayakkara, A., Challacombe, M., Gill, P.M.W., Johnson, B., Chen, W., Wong, M.W., Andres, J.L., Gonzalez, C., Head-Gordon, M., Replogle, E.S. & Pople, J.A. {2001} Gaussian 98. {Pittsburgh PA}: {Gaussian, Inc.}

    Google Scholar 

  19. (a) Becke, A.D. 1988 Phys. Rev. A38, 3098. (b) Becke, A.D. 1993 J. Chem. Phys. 98, 5648. (c) Lee, W.Y. & Parr, R.G. 1988 Phys. Rev. B37, 785.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Norihiro Tokitoh.

Additional information

Dedicated to Professor Mitsuo Kira on the occasion of his 2005 Wacker Awardy

Rights and permissions

Reprints and Permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Sasamori, T., Kobayashi, M., Nagahora, N. et al. Synthesis and characterization of functionalized ferrocenylsilanes bearing a bulky substituent. Silicon Chem 3, 199–207 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11201-006-9010-y

Download citation

Key words

  • silicon
  • steric protection
  • ferrocene
  • cyclic voltammetry
  • hydrogen bond