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Glutathione supplementation prevents iron deficiency in Medicago scutellata grown in rock sand under different levels of bicarbonate

  • Zahra Gheshlaghi
  • Reza KhorassaniEmail author
  • Javier Abadía
  • Ana Alvarez-Fernández
  • Adrián Luis-Villarroya
  • Amir Fotovat
  • Mohammad Kafi
Regular Article
First Online:

Abstract

Background and aims

The effects of root glutathione (GSH) supplementation on leaf chlorophyll, Fe concentrations and contents in leaves, stems and roots, and traits associated to Fe deficiency were studied in Medicago scutellata plants grown in rock sand under conditions of Fe deficiency, in the presence of different concentrations of bicarbonate.

Methods

Plants were grown in acid-washed rock sand irrigated with a zero Fe solution (pH 7.8 with 0.5 g L−1 CaCO3) or a 45 μM Fe(III)-EDDHA solution (5 mM MES, pH 5.5), with 0, 5 or 15 mM NaHCO3, and 250 mL of 1 mM GSH was added daily to half of the pots.

Results

Iron deficiency caused characteristic symptoms in plants, with GSH supplementation relieving them. Glutathione supplementation led to increases in total Fe, chlorophyll and leaf total and extractable Fe, whereas root Fe concentrations decreased. Traits associated to Fe deficiency, including changes in biomass, root morphology, carboxylate contents and antioxidant parameters became less intense with GSH supplementation.

Conclusions

Glutathione supplementation allowed plants to take up Fe from the rock sand via a reductive solubilization mechanism. Also, the distribution of Fe within the plant changed, with more Fe being allocated to the shoot tissues and less to the roots.

Keywords

Iron Iron chlorosis Iron oxides Root fertilisation Legumes 

Abbreviations

Chl

Chlorophyll

GSH

Glutathione

SPAD

Soil-Plant Analyses Development

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Notes

Acknowledgements

Authors acknowledge the support of the Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran. This work was part of the research project on M. scutellata 3/41380. Support was obtained by the Spanish State Research Agency (project AGL2016-75226-R, AEI/FEDER, EU). Authors thank Cristina Ortega Palmeiro for help with the Fe(III)-oxide solubilization experiments with the Olis spectrophotometer.

Supplementary material

11104_2019_4314_MOESM1_ESM.docx (1.8 mb)
ESM 1 (DOCX 1812 kb)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Department of Soil Science, Faculty of AgricultureFerdowsi University of MashhadMashhadIran
  2. 2.Department of Plant Nutrition, Aula Dei Experimental StationConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)ZaragozaSpain
  3. 3.Department of Agronomy, Faculty of AgricultureFerdowsi University of MashhadMashhadIran

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