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Assimilate allocation by rice and carbon stabilisation in soil: effect of water management and phosphorus fertilisation

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Abstract

Background and aims

Water and nutrient management influences the allocation and stabilisation of newly assimilated carbon (C) in paddy soils. This study aimed to determine the belowground allocation of C assimilated by rice and the subsequent C stabilisation in soil aggregates and as mineral-organic associates depending on combined alternate wetting and drying (AWD) versus continuous flooding (CF) and P fertilisation.

Methods

We continuously labelled rice plants in 13CO2 atmosphere under AWD versus CF water management, and at two P fertilisation levels (0 or 80 mg P kg−1 soil). The 13C allocation to soil and its incorporation into the wet-sieved aggregate size classes and density fractions of the rhizosphere and bulk soils were analysed 6, 14, and 22 days after the labelling was started (D6, D14, and D22, respectively).

Results

Under both water regimes and P fertilisation levels, the proportion of photoassimilates was the highest in the silt- and clay-size aggregate classes and in the mineral-associated fraction. On D6 and D14, P fertilization resulted in smaller 13C incorporation into soil, independent of water management. In the rhizosphere soil, at D22, P fertilisation increased 13C incorporation over no P amendment in macroaggregates (>250 μm) by 32% (AWD) and 42% (CF), in microaggregates (250–53 μm) by 97% (CF), and in the silt + clay size class (<53 μm) by 83% (CF). Further, P fertilisation led to larger 13C incorporation into the rhizosphere soil light fraction (75% at AWD and 90% at CF) and dense fraction (38% and 45%, respectively), and into the bulk soil macroaggregates (71% and 78%, respectively).

Conclusions

Phosphorus fertilisation increased the contents of recent photoassimilates in soil aggregate classes with longer residence time as well as of the particulate organic matter with the continuation of plant growth. This positive response of the stabilisation of recent plant photosynthates in soil to P fertilisation can increase the potential of paddy soil for C sequestration. This potential is not limited by the introduction of alternate wetting and drying water-saving technique.

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Acknowledgements

This study was financially supported by the National key research and development program (2016YFE0101100), the Australia-China Joint Research Centre – Healthy Soils for Sustainable Food Production and Environmental Quality (ACSRF48165); the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41671292; 41522107); the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB15020401); the Youth Innovation Team Project of ISA, CAS (2017QNCXTD_GTD); the Chinese Academy of Sciences President’s International Fellowship Initiative to Georg Guggenberger (2018VCA0031); and Public Service Technology Centre, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Dr. Cornelius T. Atere acknowledges the PhD training grant from the Nigerian Tertiary Education Trust Fund through the Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

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  1. Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region & Changsha Research Station for Agricultural and Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan Province, China

    Cornelius Talade Atere, Tida Ge, Zhenke Zhu, Shoulong Liu, Xizhi Huang & Jinshui Wu

  2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Cornelius Talade Atere

  3. Department of Soil Science and Land Resources Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, 220005, Nigeria

    Cornelius Talade Atere

  4. Institute of Soil Science, Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30419, Hannover, Germany

    Olga Shibsitova & Georg Guggenberger

  5. VN Sukachev Institute of Forest, SB-RAS, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation, 660036

    Olga Shibsitova

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  1. Cornelius Talade Atere
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Atere, C.T., Ge, T., Zhu, Z. et al. Assimilate allocation by rice and carbon stabilisation in soil: effect of water management and phosphorus fertilisation. Plant Soil 445, 153–167 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-018-03905-x

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