Implementation of all-optical switch based on nonlinear photonic crystal ring resonator with embedding metallic nanowires in the ring resonators

Article

Abstract

A novel all-optical switch based on nonlinear photonic crystal ring resonator with embedding metallic nanowires in the ring resonators has been simulated and analyzed by the finite difference time domain method. We placed Ag-nanowires inside the ring resonator to reduce light intensity. The ring resonator has a low switching time of about 0.6 ps and low switching power equal to 36.5 mW/µm2. Since the structure is of small size and ultra-fast time, it has the potentiality to be applied in optical integration circuits and nano-plasmonic information processing.

Keywords

Nanowire Nonlinear Kerr effect Photonic crystal Plasmon Switch 

References

  1. Baida, H., Mongin, D., Christofilos, D., Bachelier, G., Crut, A., Maioli, P., Del Fatti, N., Vallée, F.: Ultrafast nonlinear optical response of a single gold nanorod near its surface plasmon resonance. Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 057402 (2011). doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.057402 ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  2. Danaie, M., Kaatuzian, H.: Design and simulation of an all-optical photonic crystal AND gate using nonlinear Kerr effect. Opt. Quant. Electron. 44, 27–34 (2011)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  3. Freeman, D., Grillet, C., Lee, M.W., Smith, C.L.C., Ruan, Y., Rode, A., Krolikowska, M., Hanic, S.T., Sterke, C.M.D., Steel, M.J., Davies, B.L., Madden, S., Moss, D.J., Lee, Y., Eggleton, B.J.: Chalcogenide glass photonic crystals. Photonics Nanostruct. 6, 3–11 (2008)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  4. Ghadrdan, M., Mansouri-Birjandi, M.A.: Concurrent implementation of all-optical half-adder and AND and XOR logic gates based on nonlinear photonic crystal. Opt. Quant. Electron. 45(10), 1027–1036 (2013)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  5. Gramotnev, D.K., Bozhevolnyi, S.I.: Plasmonics beyond the diffraction limit. Nat. Photonics 4(2), 83–91 (2010)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  6. Gray, S.K., Kupka, T.: Propagation of light in metallic nanowire arrays: finite-difference time-domain studies of silver cylinders. Phys. Rev. B 68, 045415 (2003). doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.68.045415 ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  7. Joannopoulos, J.D., Johnson, S.G., Winn, J.N., Meade, R.D.: Photonic Crystals Molding the Flow of Light. Princeton University, New Jersey (2008)MATHGoogle Scholar
  8. Kauranen, M., Zayats, A.V.: Nonlinear plasmonics. Nat. Photonics 6(11), 737–748 (2012)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  9. Kottmann, J.P., Martin, O.J.F.: Plasmon resonant coupling in metallic nanowires. Opt. Express 8(12), 655–663 (2001)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  10. Leon, N.P., Lukin, M.D., Park, H.: Quantum plasmonic circuits. IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 18(6), 1781–1791 (2012)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  11. Lourtioz, J.M., Benisty, H., Berger, V., Gerard, J.M., Maystre, D., Tchelnokov, A.: Photonic Crystals Towards Nanoscale Photonic Devices. Springer, Berlin (2008)MATHGoogle Scholar
  12. Maes, B., Bienstman, P., Baets, R.: Switching in coupled nonlinear photonic-crystal Resonators. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 22(8), 1778–1784 (2005)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  13. Mansouri-Birjandi, M.A., Moravvej-Farshid, M.K., Rostami, A.: Ultrafast low threshold all-optical switch implemented by arrays of ring resonators coupled to a Mach-zehnder interferometer arm based on 2D photonic crystals. Appl. Opt. 47, 5041–5050 (2008)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  14. Marini, A., Conforti, M., Della Valle, G., Lee, H.W., Tran, T.X., Chang, W., Schmidt, M.A., Longhi, S., Russell, P.S.J., Biancalana, F.: Ultrafast nonlinear dynamics of surface plasmon polaritons in gold nanowires due to the intrinsic nonlinearity of metals. New J. Phys. 15, 013033 (2013). doi: 10.1088/1367-2630/15/1/013033 ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  15. Noskov, R.E., Belov, P.A., Kivshar, Y.S.: Subwavelength modulational instability and plasmon oscillons in nanoparticle arrays. Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 093901 (2012a). doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.093901 ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  16. Noskov, R.E., Krasnok, A.E., Kivshar, Y.S.: Nonlinear metal-dielectric nanoantennas for light switching and routing. New J. Phys. 14, 093005 (2012b). doi: 10.1088/1367-2630/14/9/093005 ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  17. Ogusu, K., Yamasaki, J., Maeda, S., Kitao, M., Minakata, M.: Linear and nonlinear optical properties of Ag–As–Se chalcogenide glasses for all-optical switching. Opt. Lett. 29, 265–267 (2004)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  18. Piredda, G., Smith, D.D., Wendling, B., Boyd, R.W.: Nonlinear optical properties of a gold-silica composite with high gold fill fraction and the sign change of its nonlinear absorption coefficient. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 25(6), 945–950 (2008)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  19. Rahmati, A.T., Granpayeh, N.: Design and simulation of a switch based on nonlinear directional coupler. Optik 121, 1631–1634 (2010)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  20. Rakhshani, M.R., Mansouri-Birjandi, M.A.: Design and simulation of wavelength demultiplexer based on heterostructure photonic crystals ring resonators. Phys. E 50, 97–101 (2013)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  21. Rezaeia, B., Khalkhalia, T.F., Valaa, A.S., Kalafia, M.: Low-power optical switching with Kerr nonlinear material in two-dimensional photonic crystal nanocavity. J. Mod. Opt. 61(11), 904–909 (2014)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  22. Serajmohammadi, S., Alipour-Banaei, H., Mehdizadeh, F.: All optical decoder switch based on photonic crystal ring resonators. Opt. Quant. Electron. 47(5), 1109–1115 (2015)MathSciNetCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  23. Soljacic, M., Ibanescu, M., Johnson, S.G., Fink, Y., Joannopoulos, J.D.: Optimal bistable switching in nonlinear photonic crystals. Phys. Rev. 66, 55601–55604 (2002)ADSCrossRefGoogle Scholar
  24. Taflove, A., Hagness, S.C.: Computational Electrodynamics: The Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method. Artech House, Boston (2000)MATHGoogle Scholar
  25. Tavousi, A., Mansouri-Birjandi, M.A.: Performance evaluation of photonic crystal ring resonators based optical channel add-drop filters with the aid of whispering gallery modes and their Q-factor. Opt. Quant. Electron. 47(7), 1613–1625 (2015)CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2016

Authors and Affiliations

  • Majid Ghadrdan
    • 1
  • Mohammad Ali Mansouri-Birjandi
    • 1
  1. 1.Faculty of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of Sistan and BaluchestanZahedanIran

Personalised recommendations