Optical and Quantum Electronics

, Volume 47, Issue 8, pp 2615–2635 | Cite as

Silica based highly nonlinear fibers to generate parabolic self-similar pulses

  • Dipankar Ghosh
  • Debasruti Chowdhury
  • Mousumi Basu
Article
First Online:
Received:
Accepted:

Abstract

Three different silica based normal dispersion fibers are designed to identify the best possible one for efficient parabolic pulse generation. Two of them resemble commonly used single core fibers and optimized in such a way that one has lower dispersion and nonlinear coefficient whereas the other possesses higher dispersion and lower nonlinearity. A silica based multi-cladded highly nonlinear fiber (ND-HNLF) is designed as well by successfully restricting its effective area to a very lower value. The comparative analysis among the three fibers suggests that the ND-HNLF would be the best choice for fiber optic manufacturers for parabolic similariton formation due to its smaller optimum length, no effect of higher order dispersion, high nonlinearity and less input power requirement. From our proposed ND-HNLF, a highly nonlinear dispersion decreasing fiber (HN-NDDF) is also designed and optimized by properly varying different fiber parameters as a function of fiber length. Our study also reveals that the HN-NDDF with a typical property of virtual gain would be beneficial for producing parabolic self-similar pulses at smaller optimum lengths with adequate spectral broadening in comparison to that of ND-HNLF.

Keywords

Normally dispersive fiber Normally dispersive highly nonlinear fiber Highly nonlinear dispersion decreasing fiber Parabolic self-similar pulse Nonlinear Schrödinger equation Effective area 
This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access.

Notes

Acknowledgments

Authors are thankful to Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India for providing the financial support.

References

  1. Agrawal, G.P., Baldeck, P.L., Alfano, R.R.: Optical wavebreaking and pulse compression due to cross-phase modulation in optical fibers. Opt. Lett. 14, 137–139 (1989)CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  2. Agrawal, G.P.: Applications of Nonlinear Fiber Optics. Academic Press, New York (2001)Google Scholar
  3. Agrawal, G.P.: Nonlinear Fiber Optics. Academic Press, New York (2007)Google Scholar
  4. Anderson, D., Desaix, M., Lisak, M., Quiroga-Teixeiro, M.L.: Wave breaking in nonlinear-optical fibers. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 9, 1358–1361 (1992)CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  5. Anderson, D., Desaix, M., Karlsson, M., Lisak, M., Quiroga-Teixeiro, M.L.: Wave-breaking free pulses in nonlinear-optical fibers. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 10, 1185–1190 (1993)CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  6. Bale, B.G., Boscolo, S.: Impact of third-order fiber dispersion on the evolution of parabolic optical pulses. J. Opt. 12, 015202(1–6) (2010)Google Scholar
  7. Boscolo, S., Latkin, A.I., Turitsyn, S.K.: Passive nonlinear pulse shaping in normally dispersive fiber systems. IEEE J. Quant. Electron. 44, 1196–1203 (2008)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  8. Boyd, R.W.: Nonlinear Optics. Academic Press, San Diego (2008)Google Scholar
  9. Chang, G., Galvanauskas, A., Winful, H.G., Norris, T.B.: Dependence of parabolic pulse amplification on stimulated Raman scattering and gain bandwidth. Opt. Lett. 29, 2647–2649 (2004)CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  10. Chung, K.-W., Kim, S., Yin, S.: Design of a highly nonlinear dispersion-shifted fiber with a small effective area by use of the beam propagation method with the Gaussian approximation method. Opt. Lett. 28, 2031–2033 (2003)CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  11. Dianov, E.M., Prokhorov, A.M.: Medium-power CW Raman fiber lasers. IEEE J. Sel. Topics Quant. Electron. 6, 1022–1028 (2000)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  12. Domachuk, P., Wolchover, N.A., Cronin-Golomb, M., Wang, A., George, A.K., Cordeiro, C.M.B., Knight, J.C., Omenetto, F.G.: Over 4000 nm bandwidth of mid-IR supercontinuum generation in sub-centimeter segments of highly nonlinear Tellurite PCFs. Opt. Express 16, 7161–7168 (2008)CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  13. Dudley, J.M., Finot, C., Richardson, D.J.: Self-similarity in ultrafast nonlinear optics. Nat. Phys. 3, 597–603 (2007)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  14. Fermann, M.E., Kruglov, V.I., Thomsen, B.C., Dudley, J.M., Harvey, J.D.: Self-similar propagation and amplification of parabolic pulses in optical fibers. Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 6010–6013 (2000)CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  15. Finot, C., Millot, G., Billet, C., Dudley, J.M.: Experimental generation of parabolic pulses via Raman simplification in optical fiber. Opt. Express 11, 1547–1552 (2003)CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  16. Finot, C., Provost, L., Petropoulos, P., Richardson, D.J.: Parabolic pulse generation through passive nonlinear pulse reshaping in a normally dispersive two segment fiber device. Opt. Express 15, 852–864 (2007a)CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  17. Finot, C., Barviau, B., Millot, G., Guryanov, A., Sysoliatin, A., Wabnitz, S.: Parabolic pulse generation with active or passive dispersion decreasing optical fibers. Opt. Express 15, 15824–15835 (2007b)CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  18. Finot, C., Kibler, B., Provost, L., Wabnitz, S.: Beneficial impact of wave-breaking for coherent continuum formation in normally dispersive nonlinear fibers. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 25, 1938–1948 (2008)CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  19. Finot, C., Dudley, J.M., Kibler, B., Richardson, D.J., Millot, G.: Optical parabolic pulse generation and applications. IEEE J. Quant. Electron. 45, 1482–1488 (2009)CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  20. Ghatak, A., Thyagarajan, K.: Introduction to Fiber Optics. Cambridge University Press, UK (1999)Google Scholar
  21. Ghosh, D., Basu, M.: Propagation of short soliton pulses through a parabolic index fiber with dispersion decreasing along length. Opt. Commun. 281, 3361–3368 (2008)CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  22. Ghosh, D., Basu, M., Sarkar, S.: Generation of self-similar parabolic pulses by designing normal dispersion decreasing fiber amplifier as well as its staircase substitutes. J. Lightwave Technol. 27, 3880–3887 (2009)CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  23. Hirano, M., Nakanishi, T., Okuno, T., Onishi, M.: Silica-based highly nonlinear fibers and their application. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quant. Electron. 15, 103–113 (2009)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  24. Hirooka, T., Nakazawa, M.: Parabolic pulse generation by use of a dispersion-decreasing fiber with normal group-velocity dispersion. Opt. Lett. 29, 498–500 (2004)CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  25. Krčmařík, D., Slavík, R., Park, Y., Azaña, J.: Nonlinear pulse compression of picosecond parabolic-like pulses synthesized with a long period fiber grating filter. Opt. Express 17, 7074–7087 (2009)CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  26. Kruglov, V.I., Aguergaray, C., Harvey, J.D.: Parabolic and hyper-Gaussian similaritons in fiber amplifiers and lasers with gain saturation. Opt. Express 20, 8741–8754 (2012)CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  27. Kuo, B.P.-P., Fini, J.M., Grüner-Nielsen, L., Radic, S.: Dispersion-stabilized highly-nonlinear fiber for wideband parametric mixer synthesis. Opt. Express 20, 18611–18619 (2012)CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  28. Limpert, J., Schreiber, T., Clausnitzer, T., Zöllner, K., Fuchs, H.-J., Kley, E.-B., Zellmer, H., Tünnermann, A.: High-power femtosecond Yb-doped fiber amplifier. Opt. Express 10, 628–638 (2002)CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  29. Luo, H.-G., Zhao, D., He X.-G: Exactly controllable transmission of nonautonomous optical solitons. Phys. Rev. A 79, 063802(1–4) (2009)Google Scholar
  30. Marhic, M.E., Wong, K.K.-Y., Kazovsky, L.G., Tsai, T.-E.: Continuous-wave fiber optical parametric oscillator. Opt. Lett. 27, 1439–1441 (2002)CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  31. Nishizawa, N., Goto, T.: Widely wavelength-tunable ultrashort pulse generation using polarization maintaining optical fibers. J. Sel. Top. Quant. Electron. 7, 518–524 (2001)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  32. Parmigiani, F., Finot, C., Mukasa, K., Ibsen, M., Roelens, M.A.F., Petropoulos, P., Richardson, D.J.: Ultra-flat SPM-broadened spectra in a highly nonlinear fiber using parabolic pulses formed in a fiber Bragg grating. Opt. Express 14, 7617–7622 (2006)CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  33. Poletti, F., Feng, X., Ponzo, G.M., Petrovich, M.N., Loh, W.H., Richardson, D.J.: All-solid highly nonlinear single mode fibers with a tailored dispersion profile. Opt. Express 19, 66–80 (2011)CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  34. Rothenberg, J.E.: Femtosecond optical shocks and wave breaking in fiber propagation. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 6, 2392–2401 (1989)CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  35. Ruehl, A., Prochnow, O., Wandt, D., Kracht, D., Burgoyne, B., Godbout, N., Lacroix, S.: Dynamics of parabolic pulses in an ultrafast fiber laser. Opt. Lett. 31, 2734–2736 (2006)CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  36. Smith, S.P., Zarinetchi, F., Ezekiel, S.: Narrow-linewidth stimulated Brillouin fiber laser and applications. Opt. Lett. 16, 393–395 (1991)CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  37. Tamura, K.R., Kubota, H., Nakazawa, M.: Fundamentals of stable continuum generation at high repetition rates. IEEE J. Quant. Electron. 36, 773–779 (2000)CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  38. Tomlison, W.J., Stolen, R.H., Johnson, A.M.: Optical wave breaking of pulses in nonlinear optical fibers. Opt. Lett. 10, 457–459 (1985)CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  39. Wabnitz, S., Finot, C.: Theory of parabolic pulse propagation in nonlinear dispersion-decreasing optical fiber amplifiers. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 25, 614–621 (2008)CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  40. Yang, X., Richardson, D.J., Petropoulos, P.: Nonlinear generation of ultra-flat broadened spectrum based on adaptive pulse shaping. J. Lightwave Technol. 30, 1971–1977 (2012)CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar

Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015

Authors and Affiliations

  • Dipankar Ghosh
    • 1
  • Debasruti Chowdhury
    • 2
  • Mousumi Basu
    • 2
  1. 1.Department of Basic ScienceMCKV Institute of EngineeringHowrahIndia
  2. 2.Department of PhysicsIndian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur (Formerly Bengal Engineering and Science University, Shibpur)HowrahIndia

Personalised recommendations