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Influence of interleukin 17 A and 17 F polymorphisms in keratoconus

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Abstract

Background

Until a few years ago, keratoconus was defined as a noninflammatory degenerative disease. However, recent studies have shown that the altered balance between inflammatory cytokines, proteases, and protease inhibitors, as well as free radicals and oxidants, have a crucial role in the pathogenesis of this disease. The aim of this study is to investigate whether interleukin 17 A G197A (rs2275913) and interleukin 17 F T7488C (rs763780) polymorphisms are associated with keratoconus in patients from a population of the northwestern region of the State of São Paulo, Brazil.

Methods and Results

35 patients and 61 controls were enrolled. Genotyping of interleukin 17 A G197A and interleukin 17 F T7488C polymorphisms was carried out using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. Statistical analyses were conducted using the chi-square test, and an odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was also calculated to evaluate the association between polymorphisms and disease. Evaluating interleukin 17 F T7488C, we found that the TT genotype is associated as a risk factor for keratoconus (P = 0.04; OR = 3.01; CI 1.11–8.14). As for evaluating interleukin 17 A G197A, the allele and genotype frequencies between patients and controls were compared and no statistically significant differences were found.

Conclusions

Our data showed that the interleukin 17 F T7488C polymorphisms may exert an influence in keratoconus.

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Acknowledgements

We thank all participants for their precious contribution to the study and Renato Babos da Purificação for an English revision. Jim Hesson copyedited the manuscript (https://www.academicenglishsolutions.com).

Funding

This study was supported by grants from Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation – CNPq (to IBG and to LSK); Brazilian Ministry of Education – CAPES PhD Scholarship (Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel, Brazil – to AGL and to CMA); and by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP, grant number: 2015/17226-7 to GCAJr; 2018/16622-4 to LSK; 2018/09448-8 to GMFJr). The opinions, assumptions, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of FAPESP. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), Department of Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil

    Isabela Bronchtein Gomes, Christiane Maria Ayo, Laurie Sayuri Kumano, Geraldo Magela de Faria Junior, Lilian Castiglioni, Luiz Carlos de Mattos & Cinara Cássia Brandão

  2. Department of Biology, São Paulo State University “Júlio de Mesquista Filho” (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil

    Alessandro Garcia Lopes & Lilian Castiglioni

  3. Ophthalmology Outpatient Clinic, Hospital de Base of the Regional Medical Faculty Foundation (HB-FUNFARME), São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil

    Gildásio Castello de Almeida Jr

  4. Visum Clinic, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil

    Gildásio Castello de Almeida Jr

Authors
  1. Isabela Bronchtein Gomes
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  2. Christiane Maria Ayo
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  3. Alessandro Garcia Lopes
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  4. Laurie Sayuri Kumano
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  5. Geraldo Magela de Faria Junior
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  7. Lilian Castiglioni
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  8. Luiz Carlos de Mattos
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  9. Cinara Cássia Brandão
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Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: CCB, CMA, GCAJr, GMFJ, LC. Performed the experiments: IBG, AGL, LSK. Performed the enrollment of patients, sample collection, and developed the clinical evaluation and clinical analyses: GCAJr. Analyzed the data: IBG, CMA, LCM, CCB, LC. Wrote the paper: IBG, GCAJr, CMA, and CCB. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Cinara Cássia Brandão.

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The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of FAMERP (CAAE 44071315.7.0000.5415) and are in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration.

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An informed-consent form was signed by all participants who were adults, and by the parents/legally authorized representatives of the minors.

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Gomes, I.B., Ayo, C.M., Lopes, A.G. et al. Influence of interleukin 17 A and 17 F polymorphisms in keratoconus. Mol Biol Rep 48, 7165–7170 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-021-06708-z

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