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Combustion characteristics and structure of carbon nanotube/titanium composites

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Abstract

Reactivity of nanosized objects is a hot topic in modern solid-state chemistry and materials science. The present work is focused on the interaction between multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and metallic titanium during high-energy ball milling and thermal explosion, a rapid temperature rise in a mixture caused by an exothermic reaction ignited by external heating and occurring throughout the sample volume. A fundamental property of the nanocomposite mixture—the ability of its components to react in the combustion mode—is explained; an analysis of the dependence of the combustion characteristics of the nanocomposites on the milling duration of powder mixtures is provided. The phase and structural transformations of the Ti-MWCNT mixtures have been analyzed using X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. It was found that the ball-milled powders contain nanostructured titanium, nanotube fragments, amorphous carbon and nanosized carbon-deficient titanium carbide TiCx. Within the nanocomposite powder particles, TiCx nanoparticles are covered with layers of amorphous carbon. Thermal explosion was observed in Ti-4mass%MWCNT mixtures milled for 1.5–7 min. Shorter milling times were apparently not sufficient for establishing a proper interfacial contact, while longer milling times led to the extensive formation of titanium carbide TiCx, which acted as a barrier lowering the heat release by the mixture upon ignition. Both the ignition temperature of Ti-4mass%MWCNT and the maximum temperature developed during thermal explosion decrease with the milling time. A comparison of the behavior of MWCNT with that of carbon black under conditions of thermal explosion in the mixtures with titanium is also presented.

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Acknowledgements

This study was conducted within the state assignment to ISSCM SB RAS (Project AAAA-A17-117030310277-6).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry, SB RAS, Kutateladze str. 18, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630128

    Michail A. Korchagin, Dina V. Dudina, Boris B. Bokhonov & Natalia V. Bulina

  2. Novosibirsk State Technical University, K. Marx Ave. 20, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630073

    Michail A. Korchagin & Dina V. Dudina

  3. National Research Tomsk State University, Lenin Ave. 36, Tomsk, Russia, 634050

    Michail A. Korchagin

  4. Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Al-Farabi Ave. 71, Almaty, Kazakhstan, 050040

    Sholpan E. Gabdrashova

  5. Lavrentyev Institute of Hydrodynamics, SB RAS, Lavrentyev Ave. 15, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090

    Dina V. Dudina

  6. Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova str. 2, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090

    Boris B. Bokhonov

  7. Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, SB RAS, Lavrentyev Ave. 5, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090

    Vladimir L. Kuznetsov & Arcady V. Ishchenko

Authors
  1. Michail A. Korchagin
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  2. Sholpan E. Gabdrashova
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  3. Dina V. Dudina
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  4. Boris B. Bokhonov
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  5. Natalia V. Bulina
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  6. Vladimir L. Kuznetsov
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  7. Arcady V. Ishchenko
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Correspondence to Dina V. Dudina.

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Korchagin, M.A., Gabdrashova, S.E., Dudina, D.V. et al. Combustion characteristics and structure of carbon nanotube/titanium composites. J Therm Anal Calorim 137, 1903–1910 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-08109-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-08109-8

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