Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology

, Volume 53, Issue 2, pp 208–215 | Cite as

Optically transparent superhydrophobic TEOS-derived silica films by surface silylation method

  • Sanjay S. Latthe
  • Hiroaki Imai
  • V. Ganesan
  • Charles Kappenstein
  • A. Venkateswara Rao
Original Paper
First Online:
Received:
Accepted:

Abstract

Optically transparent silica films were prepared at room temperature (~27°C) by keeping the molar ratio of TEOS:MeOH:H2O (0.001 M NH4F) constant at 1:19.29:6.20, respectively. A surface chemical modification of the films was done with alkylchlorosilanes at different concentrations from 0 to 1 vol. % and aging times varied from half to 2 h. The DMCS and TMCS surface modified silica films showed the static water contact angle of 146° and 162°, respectively. When the DMCS and TMCS modified films were cured at temperatures higher than 240 and 275°C, respectively, the films became superhydrophilic. Further, the humidity study was carried out at a relative humidity of 90% at 30°C temperature over 60 days. We characterized the water repellent silica films by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, % of optical transmission, humidity tests and contact angle measurements.

Keywords

Sol–gel process Sliding angle Hydrophobicity Wetting phenomena Humidity 
This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access.

Notes

Acknowledgments

One of the authors Sanjay S. Latthe is grateful to University Grant Commission (UGC), New Delhi, Government of India, for providing “UGC Research Fellowship in Sciences for Meritorious Students”. The authors are grateful to the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE), Board of Research in Nuclear Sciences (BRNS), Mumbai, Government of India, for the financial support for this work through a major research project on “Aerogels and coatings” (No. 2007/37/18/BRNS).

References

  1. 1.
    Barthlott W, Neinhuis C (1997) Planta 202:1CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  2. 2.
    Neinhuis C, Barthlott W (1997) Ann Bot 79:667 (London)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  3. 3.
    Nakajima A, Hashimoto K, Watanabe T (2001) Monatsh chem chem Mon 132:31Google Scholar
  4. 4.
    Tada H, Nagayama H (1995) Langmuir 11(1):136CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  5. 5.
    Blossey R (2003) Nat Mater 2:301CrossRefPubMedADSGoogle Scholar
  6. 6.
    Latthe SS, Nadargi DY, Rao AV (2009) J Appl Surf Sci 255:3600CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  7. 7.
    Latthe SS, Hirashima H, Rao AV (2009) J Smart Mater Struct 18:095017CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  8. 8.
    Chang KC, Chen YK, Chen H (2008) Surf Coat Technol 202:3822CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  9. 9.
    Tian H, Yang T, Chen Y (2009) Appl Surf Sci 255:4289CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  10. 10.
    Gu G, Dang H, Zhang Z, Wu Z (2006) Appl Phys A 83:131CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  11. 11.
    Chang KC, Chen YK, Chen H (2007) J Appl Polym Sci 107:1530CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  12. 12.
    Su B, Choy KL (1999) J Mater Sci Lett 18:1705CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  13. 13.
    Shewale PM, Rao AV, Rao AP (2008) J Appl Surf Sci 254:6902CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  14. 14.
    Krysztafkiewicz A, Rager B, Jesionowski T (1997) J Mater Sci 32:1333CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  15. 15.
    Gellermann C, Storch W, Wolter H (1997) J Sol–Gel Sci Technol 8:173Google Scholar
  16. 16.
    He ZW, Zhen CM, Liu XQ, Lan W, Xu DY, Wang YY (2004) Thin Solid Films 462:168CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  17. 17.
    Huang KY, He ZP, Chao KJ (2006) Thin Solid Films 495:197CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  18. 18.
    Jeong AY, Koo SM, Kim DP (2000) J. Sol–Gel Sci Technol 19:483CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  19. 19.
    Orozco-Teran RA, Gorman BP, Mueller DW, Baklanov MR, Reidy RF (2005) Thin Solid Films 471:145CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  20. 20.
    Nitta SV, Pisupatti V, Jain A, Wayner PC Jr, Gill WN, Plawsky JL (1999) J Vac Sci Technol B 17:205CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  21. 21.
    Rao AV, Latthe SS, Nadargi DY, Hirashima H, Ganesan V (2009) J Colloid Interface Sci 332:484CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  22. 22.
    Hering N, Schriber K, Riedel R, Lichtenberger O, Woltersodorf J (2001) Appl Organom chem 15:879CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  23. 23.
    Yoldas BE (1984) J Non-Cryst Solids 63:145CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  24. 24.
    Chang TC et al (2002) Thin Solid Films 420:403CrossRefADSGoogle Scholar
  25. 25.
    Wenzel RN (1936) Ind Eng Chem 28:988CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  26. 26.
    Cassie ABD, Baxter S (1944) Trans Faraday Soc 40:546CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  27. 27.
    de Gennes PG, Brochard-Wyart F, Quere D (2004) Handbook of ‘capillarity and wetting phenomena: drops, bubbles, pearls waves’. Springer, Paris, France, p 291Google Scholar
  28. 28.
    Wanielista M, Kersten R, Eaglin R (1997) Handbook of ‘hydrology water quantity and quality control, 2nd edn. Wiley, New York, p 567Google Scholar
  29. 29.
    Nakajima A (2004) J Ceram Soc Jpn 112:533CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2009

Authors and Affiliations

  • Sanjay S. Latthe
    • 1
  • Hiroaki Imai
    • 2
  • V. Ganesan
    • 3
  • Charles Kappenstein
    • 4
  • A. Venkateswara Rao
    • 1
  1. 1.Air Glass Laboratory, Department of PhysicsShivaji UniversityKolhapurIndia
  2. 2.Faculty of Science and TechnologyKeio UniversityHiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, YokohamaJapan
  3. 3.Indore CentreCSRIndoreIndia
  4. 4.Laboratory of Catalysis in Organic Chemistry, LA CCO, UMR CNRS 6503University of PoitiersPoitiersFrance

Personalised recommendations