Improvements to an explosives detection algorithm based on active neutron interrogation using statistical modeling
Article
First Online:
Received:
Abstract
Earlier efforts have identified an algorithm that uses active neutron interrogation to find explosives hidden in cargo containers. This algorithm uses flags, in the form of specific mathematical manipulations of the exiting neutron and photon radiation at different angles, to classify the cargo type, search for hidden explosives, and minimize certain false positives due to cargo heterogeneities. Statistical modeling software has now been applied to the previously-identified flags in an effort to improve the detection algorithm. The new detection models have shown accurate results exceeding 95 % for simplified screening scenarios 80–90 % when more realistic conditions are considered.
Keywords
Neutron interrogation Explosives detection Algorithm Security Active interrogationReferences
- 1.Descalle M-A, Manatt D, Slaughter D, (2006) Analysis of recent manifests for goods imported through US ports, Report UCRL-TR-225708, Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryGoogle Scholar
- 2.Lehnert A, Kearfott K (2010) The detection of explosive materials: review of considerations and methods. Nucl Technol 172:325–334Google Scholar
- 3.Whetstone Z, Kearfott K (2014) A review of conventional explosives detection using active neutron interrogation. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 301(3):629–639CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 4.Forster RA, Cox LJ, Barrett RF, Booth TE, Briesmeister JF, Brown FB, Bull JS, Geisler GC, Goorley JT, Mosteller RD, Post SE, Prael RE, Selcow EC, Sood A (2004) MCNP Version 5. Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res B 213:82–86CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 5.Pozzi S, Padovani E, Marseguerra M (2003) MCNP-PoliMi: a Monte-Carlo code for correlation measurements. Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res A 513:550–558CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 6.Miller EC, Clarke SD, Flaska M, Pozzi S, Padovani E (2011) MCNPX-PoliMi post-processing algorithm for detector response simulations. J Nucl Mater Manag 40(2):34–41Google Scholar
- 7.Albright S, Seviour R (2014) Fusion based neutron sources for security applications: neutron techniques. In: Proceedings of the 5th international particle accelerator conference. JACoW, Dresden, GermanyGoogle Scholar
- 8.Lehnert A, Kearfott K (2010) Simplified simulation of fast neutron scattering for an explosives detection application. Nucl Sci Eng 168:278–286CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 9.Lehnert A, Kearfott K (2011) Preliminary identification of flags for a novel algorithm based approach for explosives detection using neutron interrogation for a simulated idealized cargo container scenario. Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res A 638:201–205CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 10.Lehnert A, Kearfott K (2011) Simulations for developing a flag based active neutron interrogation method for explosives detection in sea land cargo containers. Nucl Technol 188:97–111Google Scholar
- 11.Whetstone Z, Kearfott K (2011) Use of multiple layers of repeating material to effectively collimate an isotropic neutron source. Nucl Technol 176(3):395–413CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 12.Whetstone Z, Kearfott K (2015) A method for using neutron elastic scatter to create a variable neutron beam from a monoenergetic source. Radiat Phys Chem 112:22–28CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 13.Lehnert A, Flaska M, Kearfott K (2011) D-D neutron scatter measurements for an explosives detection technique. Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res A 693:195–202CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 14.Dolan JL, Flaska M, Pozzi S, Chichester DL (2009) Measurement and characterization of nuclear material at Idaho National Laboratory, report: INL/CON 09-16103, Idaho National LaboratoryGoogle Scholar
- 15.Clarke SD, Flaska M, Pozzi S, Peerani P (2009) Neutron and gamma-ray cross-correlation measurements of plutonium oxide powder. Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res A 604:618–623CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 16.Zak T, Clarke SD, Bourne MM, Pozzi S, Xu Y, Downar T, Peerani P (2010) Neutron spectroscopy of plutonium oxide using matrix unfolding approach. Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res A 622:191–195CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 17.Lehnert A, Kearfott K (2015) A flag based algorithm and associated neutron interrogation system for the detection of explosives in sea-land cargo containers. Radiat Phys Chem 112:13–21CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- 18.Lehnert A, Kearfott K (2015) Evaluation of an explosives-detection algorithm for use in sea-land cargo containers, J Radioanal Nucl Chem. doi: 10.1007/s10967-015-4187-1 Accepted 05 May 2015, )
- 19.Fawcett T (2006) An introduction to ROC analysis. Pattern Recogn Lett 27:861–874CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Copyright information
© Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary 2015