Journal of Polymers and the Environment

, Volume 21, Issue 2, pp 359–365 | Cite as

Synthesis and Characterization of Biodegradable Starch-Polyacrylamide Graft Copolymers Using Starches with Different Microstructures

  • Wei Zou
  • Xingxun Liu
  • Long Yu
  • Dongling Qiao
  • Ling Chen
  • Hongsheng Liu
  • Nuozi Zhang
Original Paper
First Online:

Abstract

The effects of starch structures, in particular amylose content, on grafting reactions were investigated using thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), nuclear magnetic resonance, X-ray diffraction (XRD). As a model system, corn starches with different amylose contents (0, 26, 50 and 80 %) were grafted onto acrylamide to produce superabsorbent polymers (SAPs). The weight loss measured by TGA at different temperature was used to analyze the grafting ratio in quantity. In general, the grafting ratio increased (about 10 %) with increasing starch amylose content, and graft chain segment lengths were much lower for the amylopectin-rich (waxy) starch. The high molecular weight and branched structure of the amylopectin reduced the mobility of the polymer chains and increased viscosity, which resulted in resistance to chain growth. The water absorption capability was increased with increasing amylose content for the starch-based SAPs. XRD detection showed that the crystalline structure of all starches was destroyed after grafting reactions. The thermal stability of the polyacrylamide grafted onto the starches increased by about 10 °C, which could be explained by the strong bonding between the grafted polymer chains and the starch matrices.

Keywords

Starch Amylose Superabsorbent polymer Miscrostructure TGA 
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Notes

Acknowledgments

The authors from SCUT, China, would like to acknowledge the research funds NFSC (21174043, 31130042), RFDPHE (20110172110027) and FRFCU (2012ZZ0085). Thanks also to Dr S. Li (CSIRO) for contact angle measurements and analysis.

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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2012

Authors and Affiliations

  • Wei Zou
    • 1
  • Xingxun Liu
    • 1
  • Long Yu
    • 1
    • 2
  • Dongling Qiao
    • 1
  • Ling Chen
    • 1
  • Hongsheng Liu
    • 1
  • Nuozi Zhang
    • 2
  1. 1.Centre for Polymers from Renewable Resources, ERCPSPSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina
  2. 2.CSIRO Materials Science and EngineeringClaytonAustralia

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