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Journal of Low Temperature Physics

, Volume 187, Issue 1–2, pp 4–19 | Cite as

Metallic Hydrogen

  • Isaac F. SilveraEmail author
  • Ranga Dias
  • Ori Noked
  • Ashkan Salamat
  • Mohamed Zaghoo
Article
First Online:
  • 746 Downloads

Abstract

One of the great challenges in condensed matter physics has been to produce metallic hydrogen (MH) in the laboratory. There are two approaches: solid molecular hydrogen can be compressed to high density at extreme pressures of order 5–6 megabars. The transition to MH should take place at low temperatures and is expected to occur as a structural first-order phase transition with dissociation of molecules into atoms, rather than the closing of a gap. A second approach is to produce dense molecular hydrogen at pressures of order 1–2 megabars and heat the sample. With increasing temperature, it was predicted that molecular hydrogen first melts and then dissociates to atomic metallic liquid hydrogen as a first-order phase transition. We have observed this liquid–liquid phase transition to metallic hydrogen, also called the plasma phase transition. In low-temperature studies, we have pressurized HD to over 3 megabars and observed two new phases. Molecular hydrogen has been pressurized to 4.2 megabars. A new phase transition has been observed at 3.55 megabars, but it is not yet metallic.

Keywords

Mixed Crystal Diamond Anvil Cell Phase Line Para Hydrogen Solid Hydrogen 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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Notes

Acknowledgements

The NSF, Grant DMR-1308641, the DOE Stockpile Stewardship Academic Alliance Program, grant DE-NA0001990, and NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship Program, Award NNX14AP17H supported this research.

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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2017

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Lyman Laboratory of PhysicsHarvard UniversityCambridgeUSA
  2. 2.Department of PhysicsUniversity of NevadaLas VegasUSA

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