Journal of Chemical Ecology

, Volume 40, Issue 3, pp 244–249 | Cite as

Identification of the Female-Produced Sex Pheromone of the Plant Bug Apolygus spinolae

  • Chang Yeol Yang
  • Junheon Kim
  • Seung-Joon Ahn
  • Dong-Hwan Kim
  • Myoung Rae Cho
Article
First Online:
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:

Abstract

Apolygus spinolae (Meyer-Dür) (Heteroptera: Miridae) is an important pest of fruit and tea trees in Korea and Japan. Analyses of extracts of metathoracic scent glands revealed that those of female bugs contained hexyl butyrate, (E)-2-hexenyl butyrate, and (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal in a ratio of 20:100:7. The glands of males contained the same three compounds, but the ratio of the components was quite different, with hexyl butyrate being the most abundant. Field trapping tests with various blends of the synthetic compounds dispensed from high-density polyethylene tubes showed that (E)-2-hexenyl butyrate and (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal were essential for attraction of male A. spinolae, and catches with a wide range of ratios of these two compounds did not differ significantly. However, adding hexyl butyrate at 50 % or more of the (E)-2-hexenyl butyrate to the binary blend strongly inhibited attraction of males. Trap catches increased with increasing amounts of a 10:1 blend of (E)-2-hexenyl butyrate and (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal from 0.011 to 11 mg loaded into the tube. Catches of males in traps baited with lures containing 1.1 mg of the binary blend were not significantly different from catches in traps baited with live virgin females.

Keywords

Apolygus spinolae Miridae Sex Pheromone (E)-2-Hexenyl butyrate (E)-4-Oxo-2-hexenal Heteroptera 
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Notes

Acknowledgments

This research was supported by a grant from National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration (#PJ0089602013). The authors thank Prof. Seunghwan Lee for identification of Apolygus spinolae.

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Copyright information

© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014

Authors and Affiliations

  • Chang Yeol Yang
    • 1
  • Junheon Kim
    • 2
  • Seung-Joon Ahn
    • 1
  • Dong-Hwan Kim
    • 1
  • Myoung Rae Cho
    • 1
  1. 1.National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal ScienceRural Development AdministrationSuwonRepublic of Korea
  2. 2.Division of Applied Life Science (BK21)Gyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea

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